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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 17, 2020.
Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
ZoomInfo Technologies Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware | 7372 | 84-3721253 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
805 Broadway Street, Suite 900
Vancouver, Washington 98660
Telephone: (800) 914-1220
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
Anthony Stark
General Counsel
ZoomInfo Technologies Inc.
805 Broadway Street, Suite 900
Vancouver, Washington 98660
Telephone: (800) 914-1220
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
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Richard A. Fenyes Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP 425 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10017 Telephone: (212) 455-2000 | Marc D. Jaffe Jason M. Licht Stelios G. Saffos Latham & Watkins LLP 885 Third Avenue New York, New York 10022 Telephone: (212) 906-1200 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement is declared effective.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ |
| | Emerging growth company | ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered | Amount to be Registered(1) | Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Share(2) | Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(1)(2) | Amount of Registration Fee |
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share | 13,800,000 | $45.30 | $625,140,000 | $81,144 |
(1)Includes 1,800,000 shares of Class A common stock that are subject to the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.
(2)Estimated solely for the purpose of computing the amount of the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(c) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The proposed maximum offering price per share and proposed maximum aggregate offering price are based on the average of the high and low sales prices of the registrant’s Class A common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on August 10, 2020.
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. | | | | | | | | | | |
| SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED AUGUST 17, 2020 | | | | | | | | | | |
| PROSPECTUS | | | | | | | | | | |
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| 12,000,000 Shares | | | | | | | | | | |
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| ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | | | | | | | | | |
| Class A Common Stock | | | | | | | | | | |
| per share | | | | | | | | | | |
| The selling stockholders identified in this prospectus are selling 12,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock. We are not selling any shares of our Class A common stock under this prospectus and will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the shares by the selling stockholders. Our Class A common stock is listed and traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market (the “Nasdaq”) under the trading symbol “ZI.” On August 14, 2020 the closing price of our Class A common stock as reported on the Nasdaq was $38.88 per share. We have three classes of common stock: Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock. Holders of shares of our Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Class A common stock held of record on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally. Holders of shares of our Class B common stock are entitled to ten votes for each share of Class B common stock held of record (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. Holders of shares of our Class C common stock are entitled to ten votes for each share of Class C common stock held of record (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share upon the automatic conversion into shares of Class A common stock) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. See “Description of Capital Stock.” ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. is a holding company whose sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo HoldCo (as defined herein), which is a holding company whose sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo OpCo (as defined herein). The number of outstanding OpCo Units (as defined herein) of ZoomInfo OpCo equals the aggregate number of outstanding shares of Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock. See “Organizational Structure—IPO Transactions.” Prior to the consummation of this offering, the selling stockholders will exchange OpCo Units and HoldCo Units, as applicable, and associated shares of our Class B common stock for, or convert their shares of our Class C common stock into, as applicable, shares of our Class A common stock. Upon the completion of the exchange of OpCo Units or conversion of shares of our Class C common stock as applicable, the associated shares of Class B common stock will be cancelled and shares of Class C common stock will be retired and not available for reissuance. Certain affiliates of each of TA Associates, Carlyle, and our Founders (each as defined herein) are parties to a stockholders agreement and, after giving effect to this offering, will beneficially own approximately 89.1% of the combined voting power of our Class A, Class B, and Class C common stock (or 89.1% if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock). As a result, we will continue to be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards. See “Management—Controlled Company Exception” and “Principal and Selling Stockholders.” We are an “emerging growth company” as defined under the federal securities laws and, as such, have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company.” Investing in shares of our Class A common stock involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 29. Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | Per Share | | Total | |
| Public offering price....................................................................................................................................................... | | | | | | | | | | |
| Underwriting discount(1)................................................................................................................................................. | | | | | | | | | | |
| Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling stockholders................................................................................................. | | | | | | | | | | |
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| (1)Please see the section entitled “Underwriting” for a description of compensation payable to the underwriters. | | | | | | | | | | |
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| To the extent that the underwriters sell more than 12,000,000 shares of our Class A common stock, the underwriters have the option, within 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to an additional 1,800,000 shares of our Class A common stock from the selling stockholders at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our Class A common stock pursuant to any exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares. | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | Joint Book-Running Managers | | | | | | | |
| J.P. Morgan | | | | | | | Morgan Stanley | | | |
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| Barclays | | | | | | | Credit Suisse | | | |
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| The date of this prospectus is , 2020. | | | | | | | | | | |
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Table of Contents
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus, or any free writing prospectus we may authorize to be delivered or made available to you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under the circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. Neither we, the selling stockholders, nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus, or any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf. Neither we, the selling stockholders, nor the underwriters take any responsibility for, or can provide any assurance as to the reliability of, any information other than the information in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus, or any free writing prospectus prepared by us or on our behalf. The information in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus, or any applicable free writing prospectus is accurate only as of its date, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus, or any applicable free writing prospectus, as applicable, or any sale of shares of our Class A common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since that date.
For Investors Outside the United States: The selling stockholders and the underwriters are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of our Class A common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. Neither we, the selling stockholders, nor the underwriters have done anything that would permit this offering or possession or distribution of this prospectus in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than in the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the shares of our Class A common stock and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.
About this Prospectus
Financial Statement Presentation
This prospectus includes certain historical combined and consolidated financial and other data for ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. is a holding company, and its sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo HoldCo, which is a holding company whose sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. operates and controls all of the business and affairs of ZoomInfo OpCo through ZoomInfo HoldCo and, through ZoomInfo OpCo and its subsidiaries, conducts our business. ZoomInfo OpCo is the predecessor of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. for financial reporting purposes following the completion of our initial public offering of our Class A common stock (the “IPO”) on June 8, 2020, in which we issued and sold 51,175,000 shares of our Class A common stock at an initial public price of $21.00 per share. As a result, the consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. recognized the assets and liabilities received in the reorganization at their historical carrying amounts, as reflected in the historical financial statements of ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. consolidates ZoomInfo OpCo through ZoomInfo HoldCo on its consolidated financial statements and records a non-controlling interest related to the OpCo Units and HoldCo Units held by our pre-IPO owners (as defined below) on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations.
On February 1, 2019, we acquired, through a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary, Zebra Acquisition Corporation, 100% of the stock of Zoom Information, Inc. (“Pre-Acquisition ZI”). Pre-Acquisition ZI was a leading provider of company and contact information to sales and marketing professionals. The Zoom Information Acquisition (as defined below) qualifies as a business combination and was accounted for as such. We included the financial results of Pre-Acquisition ZI in the consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo OpCo from the date of the Zoom Information Acquisition. Accordingly, the financial statements for the periods prior to the Zoom Information Acquisition may not be comparable to those for the periods after the Zoom Information Acquisition.
Numerical figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, numerical figures shown as totals in various tables may not be arithmetic aggregations of the figures that precede them.
Certain Definitions
As used in this prospectus, unless otherwise noted or the context requires otherwise:
•“22C Capital” refers to investment funds associated with 22C Capital LLC and its predecessor.
•“ACV” refers to annual contract value, or the total annualized value that a customer has agreed to pay for subscription services at any particular point in time under contract(s) that are or were enforceable at that point in time.
•“Blocker Companies” refers to certain of our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders that are taxable as corporations for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
•“CAC” refers to customer acquisition cost, or the cost of acquiring a new customer. We calculate CAC as (i) our adjusted sales and marketing expense, which excludes expenses that are non-cash or one-time in nature, including equity compensation costs, amortization related to acquired technology, and acquisition-related integration and compensation expenses, divided by (ii) the number of new customers added during the period.
•“Carlyle” refers to investment funds associated with The Carlyle Group.
•“Class P Units” refers to Class P Units (including, without limitation, any indirectly held Class P Units) of ZoomInfo OpCo. The Class P Units are “profits interests” having economic characteristics similar to stock options and have the right to share in any equity value of ZoomInfo OpCo above specified participation thresholds which are referred to as “strike prices” in this prospectus.
•“Continuing Class P Unitholders” refers to certain pre-IPO owners who held Class P Units prior to, and continue to hold Class P Units following, the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO Transactions (each, as defined herein).
•“contact record event” refers to receipt of additional information or confirmatory evidence about a contact.
•“customers” refers to companies that have contracted with us to use our services and, at the time of measurement, maintain one or more active paid subscriptions to our platform. Paid subscriptions will generally include access for a number of employees or other affiliated persons of the customer.
•“Datanyze” refers, collectively, to Datanyze, Inc. and Datanyze Rus, LLC.
•“Employee Units” refers to the portion of HoldCo Units into which certain existing Class P Units (including, without limitation, certain indirectly held Class P Units) were converted in the Reorganization Transactions.
•“Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement” refers to the tax receivable agreement entered into with certain Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders.
•“Founders” refers to Henry Schuck, our Chief Executive Officer, and Kirk Brown.
•“HoldCo Units” refers to the class of units of ZoomInfo HoldCo created by the Reclassification. Each OpCo Unit and HoldCo Unit has equivalent value and exchange rights for Class A common stock, subject to applicable vesting.
•“HSKB” refers to HSKB Funds, LLC, a privately held limited liability company formed on February 9, 2016 for the purpose of issuing equity to certain persons who had performed and would continue to perform services for ZoomInfo OpCo.
•“LTIP Units” refers to a class of partnership units that are intended to qualify as “profit interests” in ZoomInfo OpCo for federal income tax purposes that, subject to certain conditions, including vesting, are convertible by the holder into OpCo Units. LTIP Units initially will not have full parity, on a per unit basis, with OpCo Units with respect to ordinary and liquidating distributions. Upon the occurrence of specified events, LTIP Units can over time achieve full parity with OpCo Units, at which time vested LTIP Units may be converted into OpCo Units on a one-for-one basis.
•“LTV” refers to lifetime value, or the value that we expect to generate from a customer during the period that the customer continues to use our services. We calculate LTV as the product of (i) our average ACV per customer, multiplied by (ii) our adjusted gross margin, which excludes expenses that are non-cash or one-time in nature, including equity compensation costs, amortization related to acquired technology, and acquisition-related integration and compensation expenses, multiplied by (iii) the fraction that is one divided by the annual rate that customers cancel subscriptions, which is defined as the percentage of ACV for customers that cancel during the period divided by the ACV at the beginning of the period.
•“NeverBounce” refers to Metrics Delivered LLC.
•“OpCo Units” refers to the class of units of ZoomInfo OpCo created by the Reclassification, and does not include Class P Units. Each OpCo Unit and HoldCo Unit has equivalent value and exchange rights for Class A common stock, subject to applicable vesting.
•“paid users” refers to employees or other affiliated persons of a customer that have been granted access to our system under the terms of a contract with a customer.
•“Pre-IPO Blocker Holders” refers to the pre-IPO owners that held their interests in us through the Blocker Companies immediately prior to the consummation of the IPO.
•“Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders” refers to the pre-IPO owners that held HoldCo Units immediately prior to the consummation of the IPO.
•“Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders” refers to the pre-IPO owners that held OpCo Units immediately prior to the consummation of the IPO.
•“pre-IPO owners” refers, collectively, to the Sponsors, the Founders, and the management and other equity holders who were the owners of ZoomInfo OpCo immediately prior to the Transactions (as defined herein).
•“RainKing” refers to Rain King Software, Inc.
•“Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement” refers to the tax receivable agreement entered into with the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders.
•“Series A Preferred Units” refers to the Series A preferred units of ZoomInfo OpCo outstanding immediately prior to the consummation of the IPO and the use of proceeds therefrom.
•“Sponsors” refers, collectively, to TA Associates, Carlyle, and 22C Capital.
•“TA Associates” refers to investment funds associated with TA Associates.
•“tax receivable agreements” refers, collectively, to the Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement and the Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement.
•“total addressable market” or “TAM” refers to the revenue opportunity that we believe is available to go-to-market intelligence solutions, such as ours. We calculate our TAM as the sum of (i) the product of (a) the number of specifically identified companies in our system with 10 to 99 employees and who sell to other businesses, multiplied by (b) the average ACV that we generate from companies with 10 to 99 employees, plus (ii) the product of (a) the number of specifically identified companies in our system with 100 to 999 employees and who sell to other businesses, multiplied by (b) the average ACV that we generate from companies with 100 to 999 employees, plus (iii) the product of (a) the number of specifically identified companies in our system with 1,000 or more employees, multiplied by (b) the average ACV that we generated from the top quartile of customers with 1,000 or more employees.
•“ZoomInfo,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer, (1) prior to the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO Transactions, to ZoomInfo OpCo and its consolidated subsidiaries and, (2) after the consummation of the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO Transactions, to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
•“ZoomInfo HoldCo” refers to ZoomInfo Intermediate Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and a direct subsidiary of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. following the Reorganization Transactions.
•“ZoomInfo OpCo” refers to ZoomInfo Holdings LLC (formerly known as DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC), a Delaware limited liability company, and a direct subsidiary of ZoomInfo HoldCo and indirect subsidiary of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. following the Reorganization Transactions.
Unless indicated otherwise, the information included in this prospectus assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional 1,800,000 shares of Class A common stock from the selling stockholders solely to cover over-allotments.
SUMMARY
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in shares of our Class A common stock. Before you decide to invest in shares of our Class A common stock, you should read this entire prospectus carefully, including the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.
Overview
Our mission is to unlock actionable business information and insights to make organizations more successful.
ZoomInfo is a leading go-to-market intelligence platform for sales and marketing teams. Our cloud-based platform provides highly accurate and comprehensive information on the organizations and professionals they target. This “360-degree view” enables sellers and marketers to shorten sales cycles and increase win rates by delivering the right message, to the right person, at the right time, to hit their number.
Every business needs to sell effectively to thrive. Today, sales and marketing is inherently inefficient. Sales representatives spend only a third of their time actually selling, in large part because they must spend so much of their time researching, curating, and organizing data, which is often of poor quality. Sales and marketing teams often lack scalable and actionable go-to-market intelligence to engage their customers and prospects. All organizations that sell to other businesses can use ZoomInfo to sell more, in a smarter, better, and faster way.
Today, approximately 215,000 paid users leverage our platform to identify the best target customers, pinpoint the right decision makers, obtain continually updated predictive lead and company scoring, monitor buying signals and other attributes of target companies, craft the right message, engage via automated sales tools, and track progress through the deal cycle. Our go-to-market intelligence platform delivers comprehensive and high-quality intelligence and analytics on approximately 14 million companies, including advanced attributes, technologies used by companies, intent signals, and decision-maker contact information. Our intelligence is kept up to date in real time.
By leveraging artificial intelligence (“AI”) and machine learning techniques (“ML”), the ZoomInfo platform is able to process billions of raw data events and refine them into unique and actionable insights. To create these insights, our platform continuously collects, enriches, curates, and verifies the data from millions of proprietary and public sources, including our contributory network, which captures data on approximately 50 million contact record events daily from our free Community Edition users and many of our paying customers.
Our software, insights, and data enable over 16,000 companies to sell and market more effectively and efficiently. Our customers operate in almost every industry vertical, including software, business services, manufacturing, telecommunications, financial services, retail, media and internet, transportation, education, hospitality, and real estate, and range from the largest global enterprises, to mid-market companies, down to small businesses. As customers continue their journey with us, we help them move up the go-to-market maturity curve from basic go-to-market operations, such as finding target accounts and contacts, to more sophisticated motions, such as prioritizing accounts, automating workflows and campaigns, crafting nuanced pitches, and monitoring deal momentum. Our robust suite of software and insights supports every step along that journey.
Independent of size or industry, we believe our platform can make almost any sales and marketing team more effective and more efficient.
This broad applicability drives our TAM of approximately $26 billion, according to our estimates. Using the ZoomInfo platform, we have identified over 750,000 global businesses that sell to other businesses and have more than ten employees, which represent our potential customers. Our current customer base of over 16,000 implies penetration of approximately 2%.
Internally, we use the ZoomInfo platform to drive our own highly effective and efficient go-to-market motion. We have developed a high-velocity lead generation engine and invested in tech-enabled processes, such as lead scoring and lead routing, fueled by our data and insights. When combined with our investments in onboarding, training, and sales enablement, this results in an optimized go-to-market motion. For the 12 months ended June 30, 2020, our median new business sales cycle from opportunity creation to close was less than 30 days, and our average LTV compared to our average CAC was over 10x. Our focus on customer adoption, success, and expansion helps us to deliver continued value and creates opportunities for increased usage. Today, over 650 of our customers spend more than $100,000 in ACV, with 16 customers spending over $1,000,000 in ACV.
ZoomInfo, formerly known as DiscoverOrg, was co-founded in 2007 by our CEO, Henry Schuck. DiscoverOrg achieved significant organic growth since its founding and acquired Zoom Information, Inc. (“Pre-Acquisition ZI”) in February 2019 to further expand the breadth of our go-to-market intelligence, industry coverage, and addressable market opportunity. Subsequently, the combined business has been re-branded as ZoomInfo. We and Pre-Acquisition ZI generated revenue of $144.3 million and $72.5 million in 2018, respectively, and $293.3 million in 2019 and $9.7 million for the one month ended January 31, 2019, respectively. We generated revenue of $123.1
million and $213.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020, respectively. We and Pre-Acquisition ZI generated net income (loss) of $(28.6) million and $(27.5) million in 2018, respectively, and $(78.0) million in 2019 and $0.8 million for the one month ended January 31, 2019, respectively. We generated net income (loss) of $(60.1) million and $(62.1) million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020, respectively. We generated Adjusted Operating Income of $83.7 million and $167.1 million in 2018 and 2019, respectively. We generated Adjusted Operating Income of $72.9 million and $104.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2020, respectively.
Industry Background
Sales and Marketing is Fundamental to Every Business
For every company, sales and marketing is a fundamental function that defines its success. As a result, businesses typically spend significantly on sales and marketing activities. For example, Forbes Global 2000 companies collectively spent over $2 trillion on sales and marketing activities alone in 2018 according to Capital IQ.
Business-to-Business (“B2B”) Sales and Marketing has Changed
Prior to the advent of sales and marketing technologies, businesses that sold to other businesses operated in an analog world, relying on field sales representatives to gather customer information and navigate sales processes. This process was manual, expensive, and inefficient. The data gathered was limited in depth, breadth, and accuracy, and began decaying as soon as it was captured. To address these problems, businesses invested in new technologies like customer relationship management (“CRM”) to digitally transform the way they sell. The CRM market grew from $12 billion in 2009 to $42 billion in 2018, representing a nearly 250% increase, according to a 2019 Global Industry Analysts, Inc. report. CRM systems were adopted primarily to manage the sales process, while marketing automation systems and new forms of customer engagement were developed to automate different go-to-market tasks. Despite these investments, businesses still rely largely on manual processes to gather intelligence to drive these systems. Consequently, the data that supports CRM and sales & marketing automation systems and workflows is frequently stale, inaccurate, incomplete, and limited in depth and breadth.
Sales and Marketing is Still Inefficient
According to Salesforce.com, sales representatives spend only a third of their time actually selling, in large part because they must spend so much of their time researching and organizing data, which is often of poor quality. This inefficiency is manifested in three main ways:
1)It’s hard to find and engage with decision makers. Inaccurate or missing contact information plagues efforts to engage with a broad set of targets quickly and efficiently.
2)It’s hard to know when to engage. Sales and marketing professionals need to manually gather information across various sources to determine when a potential customer intends to make a purchase.
3)No data-driven way to prioritize targets. Prioritization decisions for sales and marketing resources are often made based on intuition, random knowledge gathering, or incomplete and inaccurate data.
There is a Need for a Comprehensive Go-to-Market Intelligence Solution
Sales and marketing teams need go-to-market intelligence to engage the right people, at the right companies, with the right message, at the right time. Go-to-market intelligence provides a “360-degree view,” aggregating all the information and intelligence gathered from numerous sources that together paint a comprehensive dynamic picture of target customers, their organizational structure, corporate hierarchy, decision-makers, and methods of contact. This all needs to be updated in real time and integrated into workflows through CRM and sales & marketing automation systems—the systems nearly every company uses to manage its sales and marketing processes.
Today, point solutions exist to aid in go-to-market intelligence efforts, but they only address a fraction of the 360-degree view of the customer, and often lack the accuracy required to be effective. According to a Forrester report we commissioned, only 1.2% of companies have mature B2B intelligence practices and technology.
Companies that have implemented some B2B intelligence practices and technology have realized 35% more leads and 45% higher-quality leads, leading to higher revenue and faster growth.
The ZoomInfo Platform
Our cloud-based go-to-market intelligence platform give sales and marketing professionals highly accurate and comprehensive information and insights on the organizations and professionals they target. Our platform helps users identify the best target customers, pinpoint the right decision makers, obtain continually updated predictive lead and company scoring, monitor buying signals and other attributes of target companies, craft the right message, engage via automated sales tools, and track progress through the deal cycle.
We provide a comprehensive 360-degree view on approximately 14 million companies and over 117 million professionals. We combine this with deep insights, such as personnel moves, pain points or planned investments, technologies used by companies, intent signals, advanced attributes (such as time series growth, granular department and location information, and employee trends), organizational charts, news and events, hierarchy information, locations, and funding details. Our intelligence is kept up to date in real time. This enables us to provide our customers with a contractual guarantee that at least 95% of the employment information they access will be current.
Our Data Engine
Our Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Technologies
We are able to deliver high-quality intelligence at scale by leveraging an AI- and ML-powered engine that gathers data from millions of sources and standardizes, matches to entities, verifies, cleans, and applies the processed data to companies and people. To help train our AI and ML technologies and augment our contributory network, we have a team of 300 research analysts with deep expertise in cleaning B2B data.
Our Data Sources
We have a number of data sources, including proprietary sources, that enrich our platform:
•Contributory Network. Our free users and many of our paying customers contribute data that enhances our platform. Our contributory network captures data on approximately 50 million contact record events daily.
•Unstructured Public Information. Our patented and proprietary technologies extract and parse unstructured information found on webpages, newsfeeds, blogs, and other public sources, and then match that information with entities that we have previously identified.
•Data Training Lab. We have developed hundreds of processes, largely automated, to gather information from sources, such as PBX directories, website traffic and source code, and proprietary surveys.
•Generally Available Information. Our technology adds value to public information and a limited amount of purchased third-party data by combining them with our proprietary insights.
Benefits of Our Platform
•Significant and Measurable Revenue Improvement. Our platform increases revenue for our customers who can easily measure the impact because we integrate with the systems that they use to attribute revenue.
•Unmatched Accuracy, Depth, and Coverage of Data. We are able to provide a guarantee of 95%+ accuracy as a result of our focus on quality, coupled with proprietary methods to extract, parse, match, and clean data. We do not believe that any other solution provides the depth and breadth of data that we provide on approximately 14 million companies and over 117 million professionals.
•Unique Data Points Drive Valuable Insights. We integrate unique data points that are proprietary to ZoomInfo with our customers’ data to enrich their information and develop unique insights.
•Integrated and Automated Platform. Our insights are available on our cloud-based platform and can also be delivered directly into our customers’ workflows and supporting infrastructure, including Salesforce, Marketo, HubSpot, Microsoft Dynamics, Oracle Sales Cloud, and other platforms. The vast majority of our customers integrate ZoomInfo with their most-used CRM or sales & marketing automation system.
Our Competitive Strengths
•Market Leader with a Comprehensive Go-to-Market Intelligence Platform. We provide the most accurate and comprehensive go-to-market intelligence platform available.
•Finely Tuned Go-to-Market Model. We utilize the ZoomInfo platform to power our efficient go-to-market motion. For the 12 months ended June 30, 2020, our average LTV to average CAC was over 10x.
•High-Velocity Software Development. We foster an innovative, fast-paced engineering culture that enabled the release of 112 product features and services in 2019.
•Powerful and Significant Network Effects. As our user base grows, so does the data we receive, which enables us to provide greater value to our customers.
•Visionary, Founder-Led Management Team. Our highly talented, customer-centric senior leadership, led by our co-founder and CEO, Henry Schuck, enables us to rapidly develop new products, move more quickly than our competition, and build our fast-paced, execution-oriented culture.
Our Market Opportunity
We estimate the TAM for our platform to be approximately $26 billion, based on data as of June 30, 2020.
We calculate our TAM by estimating the total number of companies by employee size for companies with 1,000 or more employees, companies with 100 to 999 employees, and companies with 10 to 99 employees and applying the ACV to each respective company using internally generated data of actual customer spend by company size. For companies with 1,000 or more employees, we have applied the average ACV of our top quartile of customers with 1,000 or more employees, who we believe have achieved broader implementation of our platform across their organizations. For companies with 100 to 999 employees and companies with 10 to 99 employees, we have applied an average ACV based on current spend for our customers in these bands. The aggregate calculated value represents our estimated TAM. Data for numbers of companies by employee count is from our ZoomInfo platform that we have identified as relevant prospects for our platform.
Our Growth Strategy
We intend to drive the growth of our business through the following strategies:
•Continue to Acquire New Customers
•Deliver Additional High-Value Solutions to Our Existing Customers
•Drive Incremental Penetration Within Enterprises
•Leverage Our Platform for Adjacent Use Cases such as Recruiting
•Expand to International Markets
•Selective Acquisitions to Complement Our Platform
Recent Developments
COVID-19
In December 2019, a novel strain of Coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) was reported, and in March 2020, the WHO characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in travel restrictions,
prohibitions of non-essential activities, disruption and shutdown of certain businesses, and greater uncertainty in global financial markets. Such conditions are creating disruption in global supply chains, increasing rates of unemployment, and adversely impacting many industries. The outbreak could have a continued adverse impact on economic and market conditions and trigger a period of global economic slowdown.
As of the date of this prospectus, the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy and the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may impact our financial condition or results of operations remain uncertain. Furthermore, because of our largely subscription-based business model, the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic may not be fully reflected in our results of operations and overall financial condition until future periods, if at all.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we expect we will experience slowed growth or decline in new customer demand for our platform and lower demand from our existing customers for upgrades within our platform. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience an increase in potential customers seeking lower prices or other more favorable contract terms and current customers attempting to obtain concessions on the terms of existing contracts, including requests for early termination or waiver of payment obligations, all of which has adversely affected and could materially adversely impact our business, results of operations, and overall financial condition in future periods. The extent and continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operational and financial condition will depend on certain developments, including: the duration and spread of the outbreak; government responses to the pandemic; its impact on the health and welfare of our employees and their families; its impact on our customers and our sales cycles; its impact on customer, industry, or employee events; delays in hiring and onboarding new employees; and effects on our partners and vendors, some of which are uncertain, difficult to predict, and not within our control.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, in the first quarter of 2020, we temporarily closed all of our offices, including our office in Israel, and enabled our entire work force to work remotely. We have also implemented travel restrictions for non-essential business. These changes remained in effect in the second quarter of 2020 and could extend into future quarters. The impact, if any, of these and any additional operational changes we may implement is uncertain, but changes we have implemented to date have not affected and are not expected to materially affect our ability to maintain operations, including financial reporting systems, internal control over financial reporting, and disclosure controls and procedures. See “Risk Factors” for further discussion of the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business.
Initial Public Offering
On June 8, 2020, we completed the IPO, in which we sold 51,175,000 shares of our Class A common stock at a price to the public of $21.00 per share and received net proceeds of approximately $1,019.6 million after deducting underwriting discount. We used the net proceeds from the IPO to purchase 48,528,783 newly issued HoldCo Units from ZoomInfo HoldCo for approximately $966.9 million (which ZoomInfo HoldCo in turn used to purchase the same number of newly issued OpCo Units from ZoomInfo OpCo), to purchase 2,370,948 OpCo Units from certain Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders for approximately $47.2 million, and to fund $5.5 million of merger consideration payable to certain Pre-IPO Blocker Holders in connection with the Blocker Mergers. To date, ZoomInfo OpCo used a portion of the proceeds it received through ZoomInfo HoldCo from the IPO (i) to redeem and cancel all outstanding Series A Preferred Units of ZoomInfo OpCo for approximately $274.2 million, including accumulated but unpaid distributions and related prepayment premiums, (ii) to repay the entire aggregate principal amount under our second lien credit agreement for approximately $380.6 million, including related prepayment premiums and accrued interest, (iii) to repay $35.0 million of outstanding borrowings under our first lien revolving credit facility, (iv) to pay certain expenses related to the IPO, and (v) to prepay $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the first lien term loans outstanding under our first lien credit agreement, including accrued interest thereon. ZoomInfo OpCo intends to use the remaining proceeds from the IPO for general corporate purposes.
Prepayment of First Lien Credit Agreement
On June 17, 2020, we used approximately $101.2 million to prepay $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of the first lien term loans outstanding under our first lien credit agreement, including accrued interest thereon. The
prepayment was funded with a portion of the net proceeds received from our IPO. Following the prepayment, as of June 17, 2020, $756.4 million aggregate principal amount of first lien term loans were outstanding under our first lien credit agreement.
Investment Risks
An investment in shares of our Class A common stock involves substantial risks and uncertainties that may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Some of the more significant challenges and risks relating to an investment in our Company include, among other things, the following:
•the COVID-19 pandemic, including the global economic uncertainty and measures taken in response, could materially impact our business and future results of operations;
•larger well-funded companies shifting their existing business models to become more competitive with us;
•our ability to provide or adapt our platform for changes in laws and regulations or public perception, or changes in the enforcement of such laws, relating to data privacy;
•the effects of companies more effectively catering to our customers by offering more tailored products or platforms at lower costs;
•adverse general economic and market conditions reducing spending on sales and marketing;
•the effects of declining demand for sales and marketing subscription platforms;
•our ability to improve our technology and keep up with new processes for data collection, organization, and cleansing;
•our ability to provide a highly accurate, reliable, and comprehensive platform moving forward;
•our reliance on third-party systems that we do not control to integrate with our system and our potential inability to continue to support integration;
•our ability to adequately fund research and development potentially limiting introduction of new features, integrations, and enhancements;
•our ability to attract new customers and expand existing subscriptions;
•a decrease in participation in our contributory network or increased opt-out rates impacting the depth, breadth, and accuracy of our platform;
•our failure to protect and maintain our brand and our ability to attract and retain customers;
•our substantial indebtedness, which could adversely affect our financial condition, our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, our ability to operate our business, our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, and our ability to meet our obligations under our outstanding indebtedness, and could divert our cash flow from operations for debt payments;
•our failure to achieve and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting;
•the parties to our stockholders agreement controlling us and their interests conflicting with ours or yours in the future; and
•our being a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq rules and, as a result, qualifying for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements, as a result of which you will not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to such requirements.
Please see “Risk Factors” for a discussion of these and other factors you should consider before making an investment in shares of our Class A common stock.
Organizational Structure
For a simplified diagram depicting our current organizational structure, see “Organizational Structure.” ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. is a holding company, and its sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo HoldCo, which is a holding company whose sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. operates and controls all of the business and affairs, and consolidates the financial results, of ZoomInfo OpCo through ZoomInfo HoldCo and, through ZoomInfo OpCo and its subsidiaries, conducts our business. Prior to the completion of the IPO:
•ZoomInfo OpCo effected a four-for-one reverse unit split;
•ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. formed a new merger subsidiary with respect to each of the Blocker Companies through which certain of our Pre-IPO Blocker Holders held their interests in ZoomInfo OpCo, each merger subsidiary merged with and into the respective Blocker Companies in reverse-subsidiary mergers, and the surviving entities merged with and into ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. (such mergers, the “Blocker Mergers”), which Blocker Mergers resulted in the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders receiving a combination of (i) shares of Class C common stock of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and (ii) a cash amount in respect of reductions in such Pre-IPO Blocker Holders’ equity interests, based on the initial public offering price of the Class A common stock in the IPO (see “Organizational Structure—Blocker Mergers”);
•certain pre-IPO owners acquired interests in ZoomInfo HoldCo as a result of the merger of an entity that held OpCo Units on behalf of such pre-IPO owners into ZoomInfo HoldCo (the “ZoomInfo HoldCo Contributions”) and the redemption of some OpCo Units pursuant to which the holders of such OpCo Units received HoldCo Units; and
•the limited liability company agreements of each of ZoomInfo OpCo and ZoomInfo HoldCo were amended and restated to, among other things, modify their capital structure by reclassifying the interests held by the Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders, the Continuing Class P Unitholders, and the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders, resulting in OpCo Units of ZoomInfo OpCo, Class P Units of ZoomInfo OpCo, and HoldCo Units of ZoomInfo HoldCo, respectively (such reclassification, the “Reclassification”).
We refer to the Reclassification, together with the Blocker Mergers and the ZoomInfo HoldCo Contributions, as the “Reorganization Transactions.” Pursuant to the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of ZoomInfo OpCo, the Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders (or certain permitted transferees) have the right (subject to the terms of such limited liability company agreement) to exchange their OpCo Units (together with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock) for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, and reclassifications. Pursuant to the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of ZoomInfo HoldCo, the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders (or certain permitted transferees) have the right (subject to the terms of such limited liability company agreement) to exchange their HoldCo Units (together with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock) for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, and reclassifications. For a description of the amended and restated limited liability company agreements of ZoomInfo OpCo and ZoomInfo HoldCo, please read “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions.”
The Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. The shares of Class B common stock have no economic rights, but each share entitles the holder to ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. The Pre-IPO Blocker Holders hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class C common stock. The shares of Class C common stock have the same economic rights as shares of Class A common stock, but each share entitles the holder to ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share upon the automatic conversion of our
Class C common stock into shares of Class A common stock) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally.
The voting power afforded to Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders, as applicable, by their shares of Class B common stock will be automatically and correspondingly reduced as they exchange shares of Class B common stock, together with a corresponding number of OpCo Units or HoldCo Units, as applicable, for shares of Class A common stock of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., and the voting power afforded to Pre-IPO Blocker Holders will be automatically and correspondingly reduced as they transfer shares of Class C common stock, which, except in certain circumstances, will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—ZoomInfo OpCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement,” “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—ZoomInfo HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement,” and “Description of Capital Stock.” Holders of outstanding shares of our Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock will vote as a single class on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally, except as otherwise required by law.
Our organizational structure is commonly referred to as an umbrella partnership-C-corporation (“UP-C”) structure. This organizational structure allows our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders to retain their equity ownership in ZoomInfo OpCo, an entity that is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of OpCo Units. Investors in this offering will, by contrast, hold their equity ownership in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of shares of Class A common stock. Pre-IPO Blocker Holders hold their equity ownership in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. in the form of shares of Class C common stock. Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders hold their equity ownership in ZoomInfo HoldCo, an entity classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in the form of HoldCo Units. We believe that our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders generally find it advantageous to continue to hold their equity interests in an entity that is not taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. One of these benefits is that future taxable income of ZoomInfo OpCo that is allocated to our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders will be taxed on a flow-through basis and therefore will not be subject to corporate taxes at the entity level. Additionally, because our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders may exchange their OpCo Units or HoldCo Units, respectively, for shares of our Class A common stock, our UP-C structure provides our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders with potential liquidity that holders of non-publicly traded limited liability companies are not typically afforded. We do not believe that our UP-C structure gives rise to any significant business or strategic benefit or detriment to us.
As described below under “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreements,” we entered into two tax receivable agreements. We entered into (i) the Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement with certain Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and (ii) the Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement with the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders. These tax receivable agreements provide for the payment by ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. or any member of its affiliated, consolidated, combined, or unitary tax group (collectively, the “ZoomInfo Tax Group”) to certain pre-IPO owners and certain Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders of 85% of the benefits, if any, the ZoomInfo Tax Group is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of certain tax attributes and benefits covered by the tax receivable agreements. The Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement provides for the payment by members of the ZoomInfo Tax Group to certain Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and certain Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the ZoomInfo Tax Group is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of (i) the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s allocable share of existing tax basis acquired in the IPO and (ii) increases in the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s allocable share of existing tax basis and tax basis adjustments that will increase the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of the ZoomInfo Tax Group as a result of sales or exchanges of OpCo Units for shares of Class A common stock after the IPO, and certain other tax benefits, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement. The Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement provides for the payment by ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. to the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders and certain Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the ZoomInfo Tax Group is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s utilization of certain tax attributes of the Blocker Companies (including the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s allocable share of existing tax basis acquired in the Reorganization Transactions), and certain other tax benefits, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement.
The amount of existing tax basis and the anticipated tax basis adjustments, as well as the amount and timing of any payments under the tax receivable agreements, will vary depending upon a number of factors, including the timing of exchanges, the price of shares of our Class A common stock at the time of the exchange, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable, the amount of tax attributes, and the amount and timing of our income. We estimate the amount of existing tax basis with respect to which our pre-IPO owners are entitled to receive payments under the tax receivable agreements (assuming all Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders exchange their outstanding OpCo Units (together with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock) on the date of this offering) is approximately $387.6 million (assuming a public offering price of $51.03 per share of Class A common stock, which is the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock on the Nasdaq on June 30, 2020). Certain late payments under the tax receivable agreements generally will accrue interest at an uncapped, per annum rate equal to LIBOR (or its successor rate) plus 500 basis points. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreements.”
ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. is a holding company and has no material assets other than its ownership of HoldCo Units. ZoomInfo HoldCo is a holding company and has no material assets other than its ownership of OpCo Units. The limited liability company agreement of ZoomInfo OpCo provides that certain distributions to cover the taxes of the ZoomInfo Tax Group and the other holders of OpCo Units and Class P Units will be made based upon assumed tax rates and other assumptions provided in such limited liability company agreement (such distributions, “tax distributions”). The manager of ZoomInfo HoldCo has broad discretion to make distributions out of ZoomInfo Holdco. In the event ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. declares any cash dividend, we expect that the manager of ZoomInfo HoldCo would cause ZoomInfo OpCo to make distributions to ZoomInfo HoldCo, which in turn will make distributions to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., in an amount sufficient to cover such cash dividends declared by us. If ZoomInfo OpCo makes such distributions to ZoomInfo HoldCo and ZoomInfo HoldCo makes such distributions to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., the other holders of OpCo Units, HoldCo Units, and certain Class P Units will also be entitled to receive the respective equivalent pro rata distributions. We entered into a tax sharing agreement with ZoomInfo HoldCo (the “tax sharing agreement”). Pursuant to the tax sharing agreement, ZoomInfo HoldCo is required to make certain payments to us to enable us to pay taxes of the ZoomInfo Tax Group and to meet our obligations under the tax receivable agreements.
ZoomInfo OpCo is the predecessor of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. for financial reporting purposes following the completion of the IPO. As a result, the consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. recognized the assets and liabilities received in the reorganization at their historical carrying amounts, as reflected in the historical financial statements of ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. consolidates ZoomInfo OpCo through ZoomInfo HoldCo on its consolidated financial statements and records a non-controlling interest related to the OpCo Units and HoldCo Units held by our pre-IPO owners on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations.
The simplified diagram below depicts our organizational structure after giving effect to this offering. For additional detail, see “Organizational Structure.”
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(1)Each share of Class B common stock provides the holder with ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. Immediately following this offering, the Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders will hold 227,494,030 and 4,211,894 shares of our Class B common stock, respectively, collectively representing 100% of our outstanding Class B common stock, and will collectively hold 69.9% of the voting power in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. Immediately following this offering, the holders of our Class B and Class C common stock will collectively hold 98.1% of the voting power in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. For additional information, see “Organizational Structure—Organizational Structure Following the IPO and the Transactions” and “Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock—Class B Common Stock.”
(2)Each share of Class C common stock provides the holder with ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share upon the automatic conversion of our Class C common stock into shares of Class A common stock)
on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. Immediately following this offering, the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders will hold 93,549,206 shares of our Class C common stock, representing 100% of our Class C common stock, and will collectively hold 28.2% of the voting power in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. Immediately following this offering, the holders of our Class B and Class C common stock will collectively hold 98.1% of the voting power in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. For additional information, see “Organizational Structure—Organizational Structure Following the IPO and the Transactions” and “Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock—Class C Common Stock.”
(3)Assuming such Class P Units are fully vested, at the time of this offering, 12,438,481 shares of Class A common stock (based on the closing price of our Class A common stock of $40.87 per share as reported on Nasdaq on July 31, 2020) would be issuable upon the exchange of 14,383,955 Class P Units that are held by the Continuing Class P Unitholders. For additional information, see “Organizational Structure—Reclassification and Amendment and Restatement of Limited Liability Company Agreement of ZoomInfo OpCo” and “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—ZoomInfo OpCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement.”
(4)ZoomInfo LLC (formerly known as DiscoverOrg, LLC) serves as the borrower under our first lien revolving credit facility and our first lien term loan facility, as amended (together, the “first lien credit facilities” or the “secured credit facilities”). See “Description of Certain Indebtedness.”
The following table presents the outstanding common stock, OpCo Units, and HoldCo Units, after giving effect to this offering, (i) on an actual basis, excluding the conversion of 14,383,955 Class P Units held by the Continuing Class P Unitholders, which are convertible for 12,438,481 shares of Class A common stock (based on the closing price of our Class A common stock of $40.87 per share as reported on Nasdaq on July 31, 2020) upon vesting, and (ii) on a diluted basis, assuming the conversion of such Class P Units, following completion of the Reorganization Transactions and the IPO Transactions:
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| Common Stock | | | | | | | | Units | | |
| Class A Common Stock | | Class B Common Stock | | Class C Common Stock | | Total | | HoldCo Units | | OpCo Units |
Public Stockholders | 63,994,291 | | | | | | | 63,994,291 | | | | | |
Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders | | | 227,494,030 | | | | | 227,494,030 | | | | | 227,494,030 | |
Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders | | | 4,211,894 | | | | | 4,211,894 | | | 4,211,894 | | | |
Pre-IPO Blocker Holders | | | | | 93,549,206 | | | 93,549,206 | | | | | |
ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | | | | | | | | 157,543,497 | | | |
ZoomInfo HoldCo | | | | | | | | | | | 161,755,391 | |
Total outstanding | 63,994,291 | | | 231,705,924 | | | 93,549,206 | | | 389,249,421 | | | 161,755,391 | | | 389,249,421 | |
Total, after giving effect to the conversion of Class P Units held by Continuing Class P Unitholders(1) | 76,432,772 | | | 231,705,924 | | | 93,549,206 | | | 401,687,902 | | | 174,193,872 | | | 401,687,902 | |
Total, after giving further effect to the vesting of employee equity grants under our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan(2) | 78,136,716 | | | 231,705,924 | | | 93,549,206 | | | 403,391,846 | | | 175,897,816 | | | 403,391,846 | |
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(1)In connection with the conversion of any Class P Unit for a share of Class A common stock, one OpCo Unit will be issued to ZoomInfo HoldCo and one HoldCo Unit will be issued to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc.
(2)Includes 513,440 restricted stock units and 47,620 LTIP Units granted in connection with the IPO under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan. In addition, 577,879 stock options, which we refer to as “leverage restoration options,” and 630,000 Class P Units, in each case with a strike price equal to the public offering price per share of Class A common stock, were granted in connection with the IPO under the 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan.
The following table presents the economic interests and combined voting power in ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. held by the Sponsors, the Founders, management and others, and public stockholders (which does not reflect the exchange of any Class P Unit for a share of Class A common stock), after giving effect to this offering:
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| Common Stock Owned(1) | | | | Voting Power(2) | | |
| Shares | | % | | Votes | | % |
Sponsors | 239,538,194 | | | 61.5 | % | | 2,395,381,940 | | | 72.2 | % |
Founders(3) | 66,011,392 | | | 17.0 | % | | 660,113,920 | | | 19.9 | % |
Management and Others | 19,705,544 | | | 5.1 | % | | 197,055,440 | | | 5.9 | % |
Public Stockholders | 63,994,291 | | | 16.4 | % | | 63,994,291 | | | 1.9 | % |
Total | 389,249,421 | | | 100.0 | % | | 3,316,545,591 | | | 100.0 | % |
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(1)Reflects the sum of shares of our Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock, which represents direct and indirect economic ownership in us and our subsidiaries. Each share of our Class A common stock and Class C common stock has the same economic interest. Our Class B common stock does not have any economic rights, but each share of our Class B common stock relates to one OpCo Unit or HoldCo Unit.
(2)Based on beneficial ownership, reflects one vote per share of Class A common stock, ten votes per share of Class B common stock, and ten votes per share of Class C common stock. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders” for additional information.
(3)Reflects (i) Henry Schuck’s indirect economic interest in 7,363,514 OpCo Units and associated shares of Class B common stock held directly by HSKB Funds, LLC and 30,910,042 OpCo Units and associated shares of Class B common stock held directly by DO Holdings (WA), LLC; and (ii) Kirk Brown’s indirect economic interest in 27,737,836 OpCo Units and associated shares of Class B common stock held directly by DO Holdings (WA), LLC. Messrs. Schuck and Brown may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power over the securities held by DO Holdings (WA), LLC. Mr. Schuck may be deemed to control voting power over the securities held by HSKB Funds, LLC and HSKB Funds II, LLC. See “Principal and Selling Stockholders” for additional information.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company
We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted, and currently intend, to rely on the following provisions of the JOBS Act that contain exceptions from disclosure and other requirements that otherwise are applicable to companies that conduct initial public offerings and file periodic reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). These provisions include, but are not limited to:
•being permitted to present only two years of audited financial statements and selected financial data and only two years of related “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our periodic reports and registration statements, including this prospectus, subject to certain exceptions;
•not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (“SOX”);
•reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports, proxy statements, and registration statements, including in this prospectus;
•not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (the “PCAOB”) regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements; and
•exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest to occur of:
•the last day of the fiscal year that follows the fifth anniversary of the completion of the IPO;
•the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion;
•the date on which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer,” as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”); and
•the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt over a three-year period.
We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in this prospectus and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in our future filings with the SEC. As a result, the information that we provide to our Class A stockholders may be different than what you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.
We have elected to avail ourselves of the provision of the JOBS Act that permits emerging growth companies to take advantage of an extended transition period to comply with new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies. As a result, we will not be subject to new or revised accounting standards at the same time as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
For additional information, see the section titled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to this Offering and Ownership of Our Class A Common Stock—We are an “emerging growth company,” and the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies may make our Class A common stock less attractive to investors.”
Our Sponsors
TA Associates
Founded in 1968, TA Associates is one of the most experienced global growth private equity firms in the world. TA Associates invests in growing companies with opportunities for sustained growth, and employs a long-term approach, utilizing its strategic resources, to help management teams build lasting value in great companies. With approximately $33.5 billion raised since inception and over five decades of experience, TA Associates offers its portfolio companies strategic guidance, global insight, strategic acquisition support, recruiting assistance, and a significant network of contacts, in addition to sound financial backing. The firm’s investment team is based in Boston, Menlo Park, London, Mumbai, and Hong Kong.
The Carlyle Group
The Carlyle Group Inc. (NASDAQ: CG) is a global investment firm with deep industry expertise that deploys private capital across four business segments: Corporate Private Equity, Real Assets, Global Credit, and Investment Solutions. With $221 billion of assets under management as of June 30, 2020, The Carlyle Group’s purpose is to invest wisely and create value on behalf of its investors, portfolio companies, and the communities in which they invest. The Carlyle Group is a leading private equity investor having completed more than 650 Corporate Private Equity transactions representing over $106 billion in equity investments, with particular strength in technology, business services, and communications sectors, which represent over 275 investments and $33 billion of equity invested. The Carlyle Group employs more than 1,820 people in 31 offices across six continents.
22C Capital
22C Capital is a private investment firm based in New York committed to delivering capital and critical resources to companies operating at the intersection of technology enablement and data analytics adoption. 22C Capital has a dedicated focus on the business services, healthcare, and financial services sectors. 22C Capital seeks to partner with experienced management teams to build companies that are leaders in their respective markets. 22C Capital’s operational and technology resources, including its affiliated data science organization, strive to deliver practical, real-world support to help convert these businesses’ challenges into opportunities and unlock their full potential. 22C Capital executives have cross-disciplinary experience building and running market-leading data analytics companies, including co-founding and leading Capital IQ.
After the completion of this offering, the parties to our stockholders agreement will beneficially own approximately 89.1% of the combined voting power of our Class A, Class B, and Class C common stock (or 89.1%
if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock), with each share of Class A common stock entitling the holder to one vote, each share of Class B common stock entitling the holder to ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally, and each share of Class C common stock entitling the holder to ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share upon the automatic conversion of our Class C common stock into shares of Class A common stock) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. As a result, we will continue to be a “controlled company” within the meaning of the Nasdaq corporate governance standards. Under these corporate governance standards, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is beneficially owned by an individual, group, or other company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance standards, including the requirements (1) that a majority of its board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) that its board of directors have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities, and (3) that its board of directors have a nominating and corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities. Accordingly, you will not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all of these corporate governance requirements. In the event that we cease to be a “controlled company” and our Class A common stock continues to be listed on the Nasdaq, we will be required to comply with these provisions within the applicable transition periods.
Our Corporate Information
ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. was incorporated in Delaware on November 14, 2019. Our principal executive office is located at 805 Broadway Street, Suite 900, Vancouver, Washington 98660, and our telephone number is (800) 914-1220. We maintain a website at www.zoominfo.com. The reference to our website is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this prospectus and investors should not rely on such information in deciding whether to purchase shares of our common stock.
We own, or have rights to, trademarks, service marks, or trade names that we use in connection with the operation of our business, including ZOOMINFO and DISCOVERORG, which we consider important to our marketing activities. This prospectus also contains trademarks of other companies that to our knowledge are the property of their respective holders, and we do not intend our use or display of such marks to imply relationships with, or endorsements of us by, any other company.
Solely for convenience, the trademarks, service marks, and trade names referred to in this prospectus are used without the ® and ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensors to these trademarks, service marks, and trade names. All trademarks, service marks, and trade names appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
The Offering
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Issuer | ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. |
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Class A common stock offered by the selling stockholders | 12,000,000 shares. |
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Option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock | The selling stockholders have granted the underwriters a 30-day option from the date of this prospectus to purchase up to 1,800,000 additional shares of our Class A common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discount, solely to cover over-allotments, if any. |
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Class A common stock outstanding after giving effect to this offering | 63,994,291 shares (or 65,794,291 shares if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock). |
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Class A common stock outstanding after this offering assuming exchange of all OpCo Units and HoldCo Units held by the Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders, respectively, and conversion of all Class C common stock | 389,249,421 shares (which does not reflect the exchange of any Class P Unit for a share of Class A common stock, and which remains unchanged if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock). |
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Voting power held by all holders of Class A common stock after giving effect to this offering | 1.9% (or 2.0% if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock). |
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Voting power held by our pre-IPO owners after giving effect to this offering | 98.1% (or 98.0% if the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock). |
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Use of proceeds | The selling stockholders will receive all of the net proceeds from the sale of shares of Class A common stock in this offering. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of Class A common stock by the selling stockholders or if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares. The selling stockholders will bear the underwriting discount attributable to their sale of our Class A common stock, and we will bear the remaining expenses. See “Use of Proceeds.” |
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Voting rights | Each share of our Class A common stock entitles its holder to one vote on all matters to be voted on by stockholders generally. The Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders hold all of the outstanding shares of our Class B common stock. The shares of Class B common stock have no economic rights, but each share entitles the holder to ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. The Pre-IPO Blocker Holders hold all of the issued and outstanding shares of our Class C common stock. The shares of Class C common stock have the same economic rights as shares of Class A common stock, but each share entitles the holder to ten votes (for so long as the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock represents at least 5% of the aggregate number of our outstanding shares of common stock, and thereafter, one vote per share upon the automatic conversion of our Class C common stock into shares of Class A common stock) on all matters on which stockholders of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. are entitled to vote generally. Holders of outstanding shares of our Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock vote as a single class on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote generally, except as otherwise required by law. See “Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock.” |
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Dividend policy | We have no current plans to pay dividends on our Class A common stock or Class C common stock. The declaration, amount, and payment of any future dividends will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Our board of directors may take into account general economic and business conditions, our financial condition and operating results, our available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions, and implications on the payment of dividends by us to our stockholders or by our subsidiaries (including ZoomInfo HoldCo and ZoomInfo OpCo) to us, and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. Holders of our Class B common stock do not have any right to receive dividends, or to receive a distribution upon a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., with respect to their Class B common stock. |
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| ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. is a holding company and has no material assets other than a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo HoldCo, which is a holding company and has no material assets other than a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo OpCo. The limited liability company agreement of ZoomInfo OpCo provides that certain distributions to cover the taxes of the ZoomInfo Tax Group and the other holders of OpCo Units and Class P Units will be made based upon assumed tax rates and other assumptions provided in such limited liability company agreement. The manager of ZoomInfo HoldCo has broad discretion to make distributions out of ZoomInfo HoldCo. In the event ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. declares any cash dividend, we expect that the manager of ZoomInfo HoldCo would cause ZoomInfo OpCo to make distributions to ZoomInfo HoldCo, which in turn will make distributions to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., in an amount sufficient to cover such cash dividends declared by us. If ZoomInfo OpCo makes such distributions to ZoomInfo HoldCo and ZoomInfo HoldCo makes such distributions to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., the other holders of OpCo Units, HoldCo Units, and certain Class P Units will also be entitled to receive the respective equivalent pro rata distributions. We entered into the tax sharing agreement, pursuant to which ZoomInfo HoldCo will be required to make certain payments to us to enable us to pay taxes of the ZoomInfo Tax Group and to meet our obligations under the tax receivable agreements. |
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| We anticipate that cash received by ZoomInfo HoldCo may, in certain periods, exceed ZoomInfo Technologies Inc.’s obligations to pay its liabilities and make payments under the tax receivable agreements. We expect that ZoomInfo HoldCo will use any such excess cash from time to time: to acquire additional newly issued OpCo Units from ZoomInfo OpCo at a per unit price determined by reference to the market value of our Class A common stock; to pay dividends, which may include special dividends, on our Class A common stock and Class C common stock; to fund repurchases of our Class A common stock; or any combination of the foregoing. Our board of directors, in its sole discretion, will make any determination with respect to the use of any such excess cash. We also expect, if necessary, to undertake ameliorative actions, which may include pro rata or non-pro rata reclassifications, combinations, subdivisions, or adjustments of outstanding HoldCo Units or OpCo Units, or declare a stock dividend on our Class A common stock and Class C common stock of an aggregate number of additional newly issued shares that corresponds to the number of additional OpCo Units that ZoomInfo HoldCo is acquiring, to maintain one-to-one parity between OpCo Units and shares of Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock. See “Dividend Policy.” |
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Exchange rights of holders of OpCo Units, Class P Units, LTIP Units, and HoldCo Units | We amended and restated the limited liability company agreement of ZoomInfo OpCo so that the Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders may (subject to the terms of such limited liability company agreement) exchange their OpCo Units (together with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock) for shares of Class A common stock of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, and reclassifications. |
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| Subject to certain restrictions, the holders of Class P Units have the right to exchange their vested Class P Units into a number of shares of Class A common stock that will generally be equal in value to the implied “spread value” of the corresponding Class P Units (calculated based on the excess of the public trading price of Class A common stock at the time of the exchange over the per unit strike price of such Class P Units). Holders of vested LTIP Units may similarly become eligible to convert their LTIP Units into OpCo Units which, in turn, may be exchanged on a one-for-one basis for shares of Class A common stock of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. as described above. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—ZoomInfo OpCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement.” The limited liability company agreement of ZoomInfo HoldCo provides that the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders may (subject to the terms of such limited liability company agreement) exchange their HoldCo Units (together with a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock) for shares of Class A common stock of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. on a one-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for stock splits, stock dividends, and reclassifications. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—ZoomInfo HoldCo Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement.” |
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Conversion of Class C common stock | Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, at the option of the holder, a share of Class C common stock may be converted into one share of Class A common stock. In addition, each share of Class C common stock will convert automatically into one share of Class A common stock upon any transfer, whether or not for value, except for certain affiliate transfers described in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation among the Sponsors, the Founders, and their respective affiliates as of the date of the consummation of the IPO. Each share of Class C common stock will also automatically convert into one share of Class A common stock if, on the record date for any meeting of the stockholders, the aggregate number of outstanding shares of our Class B common stock and Class C common stock is less than 5% of our outstanding shares of common stock. Once converted into Class A common stock, Class C common stock will not be reissued. See “Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock—Class C Common Stock.” |
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Tax receivable agreements | As described below under “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreements,” we entered into two tax receivable agreements. We entered into (i) the Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement with certain of our Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and (ii) the Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement with the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders. These tax receivable agreements provide for the payment by members of the ZoomInfo Tax Group to certain pre-IPO owners and certain Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the ZoomInfo Tax Group is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of certain tax attributes and benefits covered by the tax receivable agreements. |
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| The Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement provides for the payment by members of the ZoomInfo Tax Group to certain Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and certain Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the ZoomInfo Tax Group is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of (i) the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s allocable share of existing tax basis acquired in the IPO and (ii) increases in the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s allocable share of existing tax basis and tax basis adjustments that will increase the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of the ZoomInfo Tax Group as a result of sales or exchanges of OpCo Units for shares of Class A common stock after the IPO, and certain other tax benefits, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Exchange Tax Receivable Agreement. The Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement provides for the payment by ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. to Pre-IPO Blocker Holders and certain Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders of 85% of the benefits, if any, that the ZoomInfo Tax Group is deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s utilization of certain tax attributes of the Blocker Companies (including the ZoomInfo Tax Group’s allocable share of existing tax basis acquired in the Reorganization Transactions), and certain other tax benefits, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Reorganization Tax Receivable Agreement. In each case, these increases in existing tax basis and tax basis adjustments generated over time may increase (for tax purposes) depreciation and amortization deductions and, therefore, may reduce the amount of tax that the ZoomInfo Tax Group would otherwise be required to pay in the future. Actual tax benefits realized by the ZoomInfo Tax Group may differ from tax benefits calculated under the tax receivable agreements as a result of the use of certain assumptions in the tax receivable agreements, including the use of an assumed weighted-average state and local income tax rate to calculate tax benefits. This payment obligation is an obligation of members of the ZoomInfo Tax Group, but not of ZoomInfo OpCo. See “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreements.” |
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Lock-up release | In connection with this offering, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, as representatives of the several underwriters in the IPO, have agreed to release the restrictions under the lock-up agreements that were executed in connection with the IPO with respect to up to 12,000,000 shares (or up to 13,800,000 shares including the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) of our Class A common stock in this offering that are held by the selling stockholders, which includes 1,341,391 shares (or up to 1,542,600 shares including the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares) beneficially owned by certain of our directors or entities with which they are affiliated, provided that the release of shares of our Class A common stock held by the selling stockholders is limited to the shares actually sold in this offering. See “Underwriting.” |
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Risk factors | See “Risk Factors” for a discussion of risks you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our Class A common stock. |
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Certain U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences to non-U.S. holders | For a discussion of certain U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences that may be relevant to non-U.S. stockholders, see “Certain U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders.” |
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Nasdaq trading symbol | “ZI.” |
In this prospectus, unless otherwise indicated, the number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding and the other information based thereon reflects 63,994,291 shares of Class A common stock outstanding as of July 31, 2020, after giving effect to this offering, and does not reflect:
•1,800,000 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of Class A common stock from the selling stockholders, solely to cover over-allotments, if any;
•231,705,924 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of 227,494,030 OpCo Units and 4,211,894 HoldCo Units and the related shares of Class B common stock that will be held by the Pre-IPO OpCo Unitholders and the Pre-IPO HoldCo Unitholders, respectively, after giving effect to this offering;
•93,549,206 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of 93,549,206 shares of Class C common stock that will be held by the Pre-IPO Blocker Holders after giving effect to this offering;
•12,438,481 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exchange of 14,383,955 Class P Units (assuming such Class P Units are fully vested and based on the closing price of our Class A common stock of $40.87 per share as reported on Nasdaq on July 31, 2020) that are held by the Continuing Class P Unitholders; or
•18,650,000 shares of Class A common stock that may be granted under our 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan, which includes shares of Class A common stock underlying the following employee equity grants:
◦512,681 restricted stock units;
◦47,620 LTIP Units;
◦567,515 stock options, which we refer to as “leverage restoration options,” with a strike price equal to the public offering price per share of Class A common stock; and
◦630,000 Class P Units with a participation threshold (i.e., strike price) equal to the public offering price per share of Class A common stock.
See “Executive Compensation—Compensation Arrangements Adopted in Connection with the IPO—2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan.”
Summary Historical and Pro Forma Financial and Other Data
The following table presents the summary historical consolidated financial and other data for ZoomInfo OpCo and its subsidiaries and ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries and the summary pro forma combined and consolidated financial data for ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. for the periods and at the dates indicated. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. is a holding company, and its sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo HoldCo, which is a holding company whose sole material asset is a controlling equity interest in ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. operates and controls all of the business and affairs of ZoomInfo OpCo through ZoomInfo HoldCo and, through ZoomInfo OpCo and its subsidiaries, conducts our business. ZoomInfo OpCo is the predecessor of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. for financial reporting purposes following the completion of the IPO. As a result, the consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. recognize the assets and liabilities received in the reorganization at their historical carrying amounts, as reflected in the historical financial statements of ZoomInfo OpCo. ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. consolidates ZoomInfo OpCo through ZoomInfo HoldCo in its consolidated financial statements and records a non-controlling interest related to the OpCo Units and HoldCo Units held by our pre-IPO owners on its consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations. The summary consolidated statements of operations data and summary consolidated statements of cash flows data presented below for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 and the summary consolidated balance sheet data presented below as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 have been derived from the consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo OpCo included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary consolidated financial information of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. as of June 30, 2020 and for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2020 was derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and, in our opinion, have included all adjustments, which include normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly in all material respects our financial position and results of operations. The results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year. Share and per share data in the table below has been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the four-for-one stock split, which occurred on May 20, 2020.
Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for any future period. You should read the summary historical consolidated financial data below, together with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto, the audited consolidated financial statements of Pre-Acquisition ZI and related notes thereto, the audited consolidated financial statements of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and related notes thereto, and our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto, each included elsewhere in this prospectus, as well as “Organizational Structure,” “Unaudited Pro Forma Combined and Consolidated Financial Information,” “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Description of Certain Indebtedness,” and the other information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus.
The summary unaudited pro forma combined and consolidated financial data of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. presented below have been derived from our unaudited pro forma combined and consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary unaudited pro forma combined and consolidated statement of operations data for the year ended December 31, 2019 give effect to (i) the acquisition of Pre-Acquisition ZI by ZoomInfo OpCo on February 1, 2019 (the “Zoom Information Acquisition”), (ii) the Reorganization Transactions, and (iii) the IPO Transactions, each as if they had occurred on January 1, 2019. The summary unaudited pro forma combined and consolidated statement of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2020 give effect to (i) the Reorganization Transactions and (ii) the IPO Transactions, each as if they had occurred on January 1, 2019. The summary unaudited combined and consolidated pro forma financial data is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results or financial position that would have occurred if the relevant transactions had been consummated on the dates indicated, nor is it indicative of future operating results or financial position. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Combined and Consolidated Financial Information” and “Organizational Structure.”
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| ZoomInfo OpCo (DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC) | | | | ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | | | ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. Pro Forma |
| Year Ended December 31, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | | Year Ended December 31, |
($ in millions, except share amounts) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Summary Statements of Operations Data(1): | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue | $ | 144.3 | | | $ | 293.3 | | | $ | 123.1 | | | $ | 213.1 | | | $ | 334.6 | |
Cost of service(2) | 30.1 | | | 43.6 | | | 19.3 | | | 43.0 | | | 53.7 | |
Amortization of acquired technology | 7.7 | | | 25.0 | | | 13.0 | | | 11.2 | | | 26.8 | |
Gross profit | 106.5 | | | 224.7 | | | 90.8 | | | 158.9 | | | 254.1 | |
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Operating expenses(2) | 79.9 | | | 188.6 | | | 87.0 | | | 169.8 | | | |
Income from operations | 26.6 | | | 36.1 | | | 3.8 | | | (10.9) | | | 33.8 | |
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Interest expense, net | 58.2 | | | 102.4 | | | 50.4 | | | 49.6 | | | 72.1 | |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | | | 18.2 | | | 18.2 | | | 14.9 | | | 18.2 | |
Other (income) expense, net(3) | (0.1) | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Income (loss) before income taxes | (31.5) | | | (84.5) | | | (64.8) | | | (75.4) | | | (56.5) | |
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Benefit from income taxes | 2.9 | | | 6.5 | | | 4.7 | | | 13.3 | | | 3.4 | |
Net income (loss) | $ | (28.6) | | | $ | (78.0) | | | $ | (60.1) | | | $ | (62.1) | | | $ | (53.1) | |
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests | | | | | | | | | (32.6) | |
Net income (loss) attributable to ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | | | | | | | | $ | (20.5) | |
Basic and diluted net loss per share | | | | | | | | | $ | (0.14) | |
Shares used in basic and diluted per share calculations | | | | | | | | | 150,160,371 | |
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| ZoomInfo OpCo (DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC) | | | | ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | | | |
| As of December 31, | | | | As of June 30, | | | | |
($ in millions, except share amounts) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 | | |
Summary Balance Sheet Data (at period end): | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 9.0 | | | $ | 41.4 | | | $ | 29.0 | | | $ | 259.1 | | | |
Total assets | 591.0 | | | 1,561.9 | | | 1,508.0 | | | 1,981.6 | | | |
Long-term debt (including current portion) | 633.7 | | | 1,203.3 | | | 1,205.3 | | | 743.7 | | | |
Unearned revenue (including current portion) | 52.5 | | | 159.1 | | | 130.3 | | | 172.1 | | | |
Total liabilities | 710.1 | | | 1,575.5 | | | 1,508.5 | | | 1,136.1 | | | |
Temporary equity(4) | — | | | 200.2 | | | 200.2 | | | — | | | |
Permanent equity | (119.1) | | | (213.8) | | | (200.7) | | | 845.5 | | | |
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| ZoomInfo OpCo (DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC) | | | | ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | |
| Year Ended December 31, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | |
($ in millions, except share amounts) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 |
Summary Statements of Cash Flows Data: | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 43.8 | | | $ | 44.4 | | | $ | 8.9 | | | $ | 53.6 | |
Net cash used in investing activities | (13.1) | | | (736.7) | | | (721.1) | | | (8.2) | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (29.9) | | | 725.8 | | | 733.3 | | | 172.3 | |
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| ZoomInfo OpCo (DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC) | | | | ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. | | |
| Year Ended December 31, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | |
| 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 |
Other Data(5): | | | | | | | |
Allocated Combined Receipts(6) | $ | 241.2 | | | $ | 336.0 | | | $ | 152.4 | | | $ | 214.8 | |
Adjusted Operating Income(7) | $ | 83.7 | | | $ | 167.1 | | | $ | 72.9 | | | $ | 104.0 | |
Adjusted Operating Income Margin(7) | 57 | % | | 51 | % | | 51 | % | | 48 | % |
Adjusted Net Income(7) | $ | 28.1 | | | $ | 62.0 | | | $ | 21.7 | | | $ | 47.2 | |
Adjusted EBITDA(8) | $ | 86.2 | | | $ | 173.2 | | | $ | 75.3 | | | $ | 108.0 | |
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(1)Historical results of ZoomInfo OpCo for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 do not reflect the results of Pre-Acquisition ZI prior to the Zoom Information Acquisition on February 1, 2019.
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| Year Ended December 31, 2018 | | | | Year Ended December 31, 2019 | | |
($ in millions) | ZoomInfo OpCo (DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC) | | Pre-Acquisition ZI | | ZoomInfo OpCo (DiscoverOrg Holdings, LLC) | | Pre-Acquisition ZI(a) |
Revenue | $ | 144.3 | | | $ | 72.5 | | | $ | 293.3 | | | $ | 9.7 | |
Income from operations | 26.6 | | | (23.1) | | | 36.1 | | | 1.7 | |
Net income (loss) | (28.6) | | | (27.5) | | | (78.0) | | | 0.8 | |
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(a)Reflects January 2019 results for Pre-Acquisition ZI.
(2)Includes equity-based compensation expense, as follows:
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| Year Ended December 31, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | |
($ in millions) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 |
Cost of service | $ | 8.3 | | | $ | 4.0 | | | $ | 1.9 | | | $ | 17.0 | |
Sales and marketing | 15.8 | | | 11.2 | | | 4.1 | | | 38.4 | |
Research and development | 1.1 | | | 4.7 | | | 2.9 | | | 10.1 | |
General and administrative | 7.5 | | | 5.2 | | | 2.7 | | | 10.3 | |
Total equity-based compensation expense | $ | 32.7 | | | $ | 25.1 | | | $ | 11.6 | | | $ | 75.8 | |
(3)Primarily represents foreign exchange remeasurement gains and losses.
(4)Consists of 207,000,000 Series A Preferred Units issued on February 1, 2019 in connection with the Zoom Information Acquisition. We redeemed and cancelled all outstanding Series A Preferred Units with proceeds from the IPO for approximately $274.2 million, including accumulated but unpaid distributions and related prepayment premiums.
(5)In addition to our results determined in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), we believe certain non-GAAP measures are useful in evaluating our operating performance. These measures include, but are not limited to, Allocated Combined Receipts, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Income Margin, and Adjusted EBITDA, which are used by management in making operating decisions, allocating financial resources, and internal planning and forecasting, and for business strategy purposes. We believe that non-GAAP financial information is useful to investors because it eliminates certain items that affect period-over-period comparability and it provides consistency with past financial performance and additional information about our underlying results and trends by excluding certain items that may not be indicative of our business, results of operations, or outlook.
Non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the comparable GAAP measures, but rather as supplemental information to our business results. This information should be read only in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. There are limitations to these non-GAAP financial measures because they are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies due to potential differences in methods of calculation and items or events being adjusted. In addition, other companies may use different measures to evaluate their
performance, all of which could reduce the usefulness of our non-GAAP financial measures as tools for comparison. A reconciliation is provided below for each non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with GAAP.
(6)We define Allocated Combined Receipts as the combined receipts of our Company and companies that we have acquired allocated to the period of service delivery. We calculate Allocated Combined Receipts as the sum of (i) revenue, (ii) revenue recorded by acquired companies prior to our acquisitions of them, and (iii) the impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue related to services billed by an acquired company prior to its acquisition. Management uses this measure to evaluate organic growth of the business period over period, as if the Company had operated as a single entity and excluding the impact of acquisitions or adjustments due to purchase accounting. Organic growth in current and future periods is driven by sales to new customers and the addition of additional subscriptions and functionality to existing customers, offset by customer cancellations or reduced subscriptions upon renewal. We believe that it is important to evaluate growth on this organic basis, as it is an indication of the success of our services from the customer’s perspective that is not impacted by corporate events such as acquisitions or the fair value estimates of acquired unearned revenue. We believe this measure is useful to investors because it illustrates the trends in our organic revenue growth and allows investors to analyze the drivers of revenue on the same basis as management.
The following table presents a reconciliation of Allocated Combined Receipts for the periods presented:
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| Year Ended December 31, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | |
($ in millions) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 |
Revenue | $ | 144.3 | | | $ | 293.3 | | | $ | 123.1 | | | $ | 213.1 | |
Impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue(a) | 2.9 | | | 32.2 | | | 19.2 | | | 1.7 | |
Pre-Acquisition ZI revenue(b) | 72.5 | | | 9.7 | | | 9.7 | | | — | |
Impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue recorded by Pre-Acquisition ZI(c) | 14.6 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | — | |
Pre-acquisition revenue of other acquired companies(d) | 6.9 | | | 0.6 | | | 0.3 | | | — | |
Allocated Combined Receipts | $ | 241.2 | | | $ | 336.0 | | | $ | 152.4 | | | $ | 214.8 | |
Growth | | | 39 | % | | | | 41 | % |
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(a)Represents the impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue relating to services billed by an acquired company, including Pre-Acquisition ZI, prior to our acquisition of that company. These adjustments represent the difference between the revenue recognized based on management’s estimate of fair value of acquired unearned revenue and the receipts billed prior to the acquisition, less revenue recognized prior to the acquisition.
(b)Figures include revenue recognized by Pre-Acquisition ZI for the periods prior to our acquisition of Pre-Acquisition ZI.
(c)Primarily represents the impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue relating to services billed by a predecessor entity, prior to the acquisition of that predecessor entity by Pre-Acquisition ZI. These adjustments represent the difference between the revenue recognized based on Pre-Acquisition ZI management’s estimate of fair value of acquired unearned revenue and the receipts billed, prior to the acquisition, less revenue recognized prior to the acquisition.
(d)We acquired the assets of NeverBounce in September 2018. Additionally, Pre-Acquisition ZI acquired Datanyze in September 2018. We acquired Komiko in October 2019. Figures include revenue recognized by these entities for the periods presented prior to their respective acquisitions.
(7)We define Adjusted Operating Income as income from operations plus (i) impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue, (ii) amortization of acquired technology and other acquired intangibles, (iii) equity-based compensation, (iv) restructuring and transaction-related expenses, and (v) integration costs and acquisition-related compensation. We exclude the impact of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue and amortization of acquired technology and other acquired intangibles, as well as equity-based compensation, because these are non-cash expenses or non-cash fair value adjustments and we believe that excluding these items provides meaningful supplemental information regarding performance and ongoing cash-generation potential. We exclude restructuring and transaction-related expenses, as well as integration costs and acquisition-related compensation, because such expenses are episodic in nature and have no direct correlation to the cost of operating our business on an ongoing basis. Adjusted Operating Income is presented because it is used by management to evaluate our financial performance and for planning and forecasting purposes. Additionally, we believe that it and similar measures are widely used by securities analysts and investors as a means of evaluating a company’s operating performance. Adjusted Operating Income should not be considered as an alternative to operating income as an indicator of operating performance. We define Adjusted Operating Income Margin as Adjusted Operating Income divided by the sum of revenue and impacts of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue.
The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Income Margin for the periods presented:
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| Year Ended December 31, | | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | | |
($ in millions) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2019 | | 2020 |
Net loss | $ | (28.6) | | | $ | (78.0) | | | $ | (60.1) | | | $ | (62.1) | |
Provision for taxes | (2.9) | | | (6.5) | | | (4.7) | | | (13.3) | |
Interest expense, net | 58.2 | | | 102.4 | | | 50.4 | | | 49.6 | |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — | | | 18.2 | | | 18.2 | | | 14.9 | |
Other (income) expense, net(a) | (0.1) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Income (loss) from operations | 26.6 | | | 36.1 | | | 3.8 | | | (10.9) | |
Impacts of fair value adjustments to acquired unearned revenue(b) | 2.9 | | | 32.2 | | | 19.2 | | | 1.7 | |
Amortization of acquired technology | 7.7 | | | 25.0 | | | 13.0 | | | 11.2 | |
Amortization of other acquired intangibles | 7.0 | | | 17.6 | | | 8.3 | | | 9.3 | |
Equity-based compensation | 32.7 | | | 25.1 | | | 11.6 | | | 75.8 | |
Restructuring and transaction-related expenses(c) | 3.6 | | | 15.6 | | | 9.0 | | | 12.4 | |
Integration costs and acquisition-related compensation(d) | 3.2 | | | 15.5 | | | 8.0 | | | 4.5 | |
Adjusted Operating Income | 83.7 | | | 167.1 | | | 72.9 | | | 104.0 | |
Interest expense, net | (58.2) | | | (102.4) | | | (50.4) | | | (49.6) | |
Other (income) expense, net | 0.1 | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
Benefit from income taxes | 2.9 | | | 6.5 | |