0001794515-24-000185 | 10-Q | XBRL Viewer | Zoominfo Technologies INC

Financing Arrangements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Note 6 - Financing Arrangements

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying values of the Company’s borrowings were as follows (in millions):


Instrument	Date of Issuance	Maturity Date	Elected Interest Rate	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
First Lien Term Loan	February 1, 2019	February 28, 2030	SOFR + 1.75%	$	586.0	$	590.7
First Lien Revolver	February 1, 2019	February 28, 2028	SOFR + 2.10%	—		—
Senior Notes	February 2, 2021	February 1, 2029	3.875%	642.8		641.7
Total debt				$	1,228.8	$	1,232.4
Less: current portion				(5.9)		(6.0)
Total Long-term debt, net of current portion				$	1,222.9	$	1,226.4

First Lien Credit Agreement

Performance of obligations under the First Lien Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all the productive assets of the Company. The First Lien Credit Agreement contains a number of covenants that restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the Company’s ability to, among other things:

•Incur additional indebtedness;

•Create or incur liens;

•Engage in certain fundamental changes, including mergers or consolidations;

•Sell or transfer assets;

•Pay dividends and distributions on our subsidiaries’ capital stock;

•Make acquisitions, investments, loans or advances;

•Engage in certain transactions with affiliates; and

•Enter into negative pledge clauses and clauses restricting subsidiary distributions.

If the Company draws more than $87.5 million of the revolving credit loan, the revolving credit loan is subject to a springing financial covenant pursuant to which the consolidated first lien net leverage ratio must not exceed 5.00 to 1.00. The credit agreements also contain certain customary affirmative covenants and events of default, including a change of control. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the credit agreements will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under the credit agreements and all actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.

First Lien Term Loan

In June 2024, we entered into an amendment to our existing First Lien Credit Agreement (the “Seventh Amendment”), pursuant to which the Company completed a repricing of its First Lien Term Loan Facility, which decreased the applicable rate for Base Rate loans from 1.25% to 0.75% and SOFR based loans from 2.25% to 1.75%. The Company recognized an immaterial loss in connection with the repricing during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 within Loss on debt modification and extinguishment on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Under the terms of the Seventh Amendment, the Company is obligated to make principal payments in the amount of 0.25% of the aggregate outstanding amount as of the latest amendment.

In December 2023, we entered into an amendment to our existing First Lien Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”), pursuant to which the Company completed a repricing of its First Lien Term Loan Facility, which decreased the applicable rate for Base Rate loans from 1.75% to 1.25% and SOFR based loans from 2.85% to 2.25%, and included the removal of the 0.1% credit spread adjustment.

In February 2023, we entered into an amendment to our existing First Lien Credit Agreement (the “Fifth Amendment”), pursuant to which the Company completed a repricing of its First Lien Term Loan Facility, which provided for an extension of the maturity date to February 28, 2030. The first lien term debt had a variable interest rate whereby the Company can elect to use a Base Rate or SOFR plus an applicable rate. Pursuant to the Fifth Amendment, the applicable rate decreased for Base Rate loans from 2.00% to 1.75% and from 3.10% to 2.85% for SOFR based loans.

The Company recognized an immaterial loss in connection with the repricing in the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023 within Loss on debt modification and extinguishment on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The effective interest rate on the first lien debt was 7.24% and 7.83% as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

First Lien Revolving Credit Facility

Pursuant to the Fifth Amendment, the Company also extended the maturity date of $213.0 million of our $250.0 million existing commitments of the first lien revolving credit facility to February 28, 2028. Pursuant to the Sixth Amendment, $26.0 million of the non-extended commitments were extended to February 28, 2028. With respect to the $11.0 million commitments which were not extended, the maturity date is November 2, 2025. Debt issuance costs were incurred in connection with the repricing of the revolving credit facility. These debt issuance costs are amortized into interest expense over the expected life of the arrangement. Unamortized debt issuance costs are immaterial and included in Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The first lien revolving debt has a variable interest rate whereby the Company can elect to use a Base Rate or SOFR, plus an applicable rate. The applicable margin is 1.00% to 1.25% for Base Rate loans. The applicable margin for SOFR loans is 2.10% to 2.35%, which includes the credit spread adjustment of 0.1%, depending on the Company’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

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+ Details

Subsequent Events	9 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Sep. 30, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Management has evaluated subsequent events from September 30, 2024 through the date the financial statement was available to be issued and has determined there are no material subsequent events that require disclosure other than those below. Legal Matters On October 23, 2024, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against Datanyze, LLC in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California alleging Datanyze’s use of individuals’ names in a free trial violates the right of publicity statutes in the states of California, Nevada, Indiana, and Alabama, and seeking statutory damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. The Company intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit. Waltham Lease Restructuring Amendment On November 5, 2024, the Company executed an amendment to our Waltham Lease Restructuring agreement (“Amended Waltham Lease Restructuring”). Refer to Note 11 - Leases for further information regarding the Waltham Lease Restructuring. Pursuant to the amendment, the Company agreed to lease 71,239 rentable square feet of separate office space in Waltham, Massachusetts with the same landlord in place of certain remaining lease components which constitute 74,479 rentable square feet of the existing space, whereby the existing space terminated immediately upon execution. As of September 30, 2024 the Company had operating lease liabilities of $1.4 million and right-of-use assets of $18.9 million associated with these components, as well as $13.1 million in prepaid rent resulting from the accounting treatment of the termination fee to a leased space which had not commenced as of the execution date. The Company expects to derecognize the associated assets and lease liabilities of the existing space during the fourth quarter of 2024. The remaining components which were not impacted by the amendment will terminate on December 31, 2024. Related to the Amended Waltham Lease Restructuring, the Company expects rent payments to commence in the first quarter of 2025. The lease ends on December 31, 2025, and undiscounted lease payments are anticipated to be $1.5 million.

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Feb. 24, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Non-cancelable purchase obligations with a term of 12 months or longer		$ 77.1	$ 77.1
Litigation settlement amount	$ 29.5
Amount awarded to other party as a percentage of statutory damages	3.00%
Proceeds from legal settlements		0.2
Litigation charges incurred		30.0	30.0
Dogpatch Advisors, LLC
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Business combination, contingent consideration, equity awards		$ 0.6
Business combination, additional consideration transferred			1.9
Insent
Recorded Unconditional Purchase Obligation [Line Items]
Business combination, additional consideration transferred			2.0
Deferred consideration			$ 0.7

Leases - Future Minimum Payments Under Non-Cancelable Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
2024 (excluding nine months ended September 30, 2024)	$ (19.0)
2025	(0.5)
2026	22.2
2027	29.2
2028	30.8
Thereafter	307.8
Total future minimum lease payments	370.5
Less: Effects of discounting	223.3
Total lease liabilities	$ 147.2	$ 101.1

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 23.8	$ 30.2	$ 14.5	$ 112.8
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges	(5.1)	3.9	4.1	12.1
Realized gain on settlement of cash flow hedges	(6.3)	(6.3)	(19.4)	(17.9)
Amortization of deferred losses related to the dedesignated Interest Rate Swap	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Other comprehensive loss before tax	(11.4)	(2.3)	(15.2)	(5.6)
Tax effect	2.8	0.6	3.8	1.4
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(8.6)	(1.7)	(11.4)	(4.2)
Comprehensive income	$ 15.2	$ 28.5	$ 3.1	$ 108.6

Equity-based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Equity-based Compensation

Note 12 - Equity-based Compensation

2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan - On May 26, 2020, the Board adopted the Omnibus Plan. The Omnibus Plan provides for potential grants of the following awards with respect to shares of the Company’s common stock or securities valued by reference to, or otherwise determined by reference to or based on, shares of common stock: (i) incentive stock options qualified as such under U.S. federal income tax laws; (ii) non-qualified stock options or any other form of stock options; (iii) stock appreciation rights; (iv) restricted stock; (v) restricted stock units; (vi) interests in a limited liability company that is a subsidiary of the Company, and (vii) other equity-based and cash-based incentive awards as determined by the compensation committee of the Board or any properly delegated subcommittee.

The maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that could be issued pursuant to awards under the Omnibus Plan was 18,650,000 shares (including other securities which have been issued under the plan and were converted into awards based on shares of common stock) (the “Plan Share Reserve”). The Omnibus Plan also contains a provision that will add an additional number of shares of common stock to the Plan Share Reserve on the first day of each year starting with January 1, 2021, equal to the lesser of (i) the positive difference between (x) 5% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding year, and (y) the Plan Share Reserve on the last day of the immediately preceding year, and (ii) a lower number of shares of common stock as may be determined by the Board.

The Company currently has equity-based compensation awards outstanding as follows: restricted stock units, common stock options, and restricted stock. In addition, the Company recognizes equity-based compensation expense from awards granted to employees as further described below under HSKB Phantom Units.

Except where indicated otherwise, the equity-based compensation awards described below are subject to time-based service requirements. For all grants issued, the service vesting condition is generally four years with 25% vesting on the one-year anniversary of the grant date of the award and 6.25% vesting quarterly thereafter; or three years with 33% vesting on the one-year anniversary of the grant date of the award and 8.375% vesting quarterly thereafter.

During the second quarter of 2024, the Company issued PRSUs which will vest in annual tranches over a three-year service period. Total PRSUs earned for grants made in 2024 may vary between 0% and 150% of the PRSUs granted based on the attainment of company specific-performance targets during the related performance period and continued service. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company issued PRSUs, which were recommended by the Compensation Committee of the Board and approved by the full Board. The service vesting condition for one of the issued awards is one year. Each of the remaining PRSUs will vest in annual tranches over a three-year service period. Total PRSUs earned for grants made in 2023 may vary between 0% and 200% of the PRSUs granted based on the attainment of company-specific performance targets during the related performance period and continued service. All of the PRSUs earned will be settled through the issuance of an equivalent number of shares of the Company’s common stock based on the payout level achieved.

During the second quarter of 2024, the Company issued market-based RSUs, which were approved by the Board. These awards will vest over the performance period which commenced on June 20, 2024, and will conclude on April 1, 2027. The vesting is based on the attainment of an average 30-day closing price of the applicable stock price threshold of the Company’s common stock at any time during the performance period and subject to continuous employment through the vesting dates.


Tranche	Company Stock Price Target	Number of Eligible Market-Based RSUs	Satisfaction of Minimum Service Requirement
1	$15.11	110,295	Service through and including January 1, 2025
2	17.61	110,294	Service through and including October 1, 2025
3	20.11	110,294	Service through and including July 1, 2026
4	22.61	110,294	Service through and including April 1, 2027

Certain additional grants have other vesting periods approved by the Compensation Committee of the Board.

Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock unit activity was as follows during the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Restricted Stock Units
Unvested at beginning of period	12,636,460	$	29.23	10,377,568





Granted	9,149,767	13.88		6,502,057
Granted - performance-based	272,797	13.01		509,824
Granted - market-based	441,177	4.28		—
Vested	(3,969,023)	32.03		(2,484,984)
Forfeited	(3,323,594)	26.74		(2,142,130)
Unvested at end of period	15,207,584	18.79		12,762,335

Restricted Stock

Restricted stock activity was as follows during the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Restricted Stock	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Restricted Stock
Unvested at beginning of period	347,976	$	34.55	858,560






Vested	(327,564)	35.93		(439,168)
Forfeited	(20,412)	12.39		(10,977)
Unvested at end of period	—	—		408,415

Common Stock Options

Options activity was as follows during the period indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Options
Outstanding at beginning of period	279,553	$	21.00	323,002

Exercised	—	—		(18,448)
Expired	(27,989)	21.00		(16,722)
Forfeited	—	—		(4,286)
Outstanding at end of period	251,564	21.00		283,546

Options have a maximum contractual term of ten years. The aggregate intrinsic value and weighted average remaining contractual terms of options outstanding and options exercisable were as follows as of September 30, 2024:


	September 30, 2024
Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions)(1)
Options outstanding	$	—
Options exercisable	—
Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)
Options outstanding	5.0 years
Options exercisable	5.0 years

________________

(1)The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable is zero, as all options are out of the money.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

On June 3, 2020, the Board adopted the ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. 2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) that allows eligible employees to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a discounted price, through payroll deductions of up to 15% of their eligible compensation and the IRS allowable limit per calendar year. The Compensation Committee of the Board administers the ESPP, including with respect to the frequency and duration of offering periods, the maximum number of shares that an eligible employee may purchase during an offering period, and, subject to certain limitations set forth in the ESPP, the per-share purchase price. Currently, the maximum number of shares that can be purchased by an eligible employee under the ESPP is 1,500 shares per offering period and there are two six-month offering periods that begin in the second and fourth quarter of each fiscal year. The purchase price for one share of common stock under the ESPP is currently equal to 90% of the fair market value of one share of common stock on the first trading day of the offering period or the purchase date, whichever is lower.

The maximum aggregate number of shares of the common stock that may be issued under the ESPP is no more than 7,500,000 shares (the “ESPP Plan Share Reserve”). The ESPP plan also contains a provision that will add an additional number of shares of common stock to the ESPP Plan Reserve on the first day of each year starting with January 1, 2021, equal to the lesser of (i) the positive difference between (x) 1% of the number of shares of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, and (y) the ESPP Plan Share Reserve on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, and (ii) a lower number of shares of common stock as may be determined by the Board.

The fair value of the ESPP purchase was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023
Volatility	—%	—%	57.3%	50.4%
Expected term	0 years	0 years	0.5 years	0.5 years
Risk-free rate	—%	—%	5.4%	5.4%
Expected dividend yield	—%	—%	—%	—%
Weighted-average fair value per unit	$—	$—	$3.33	$6.72

The expected term for the purchases was based on the six-month offering period. We estimate the future stock price volatility based on the historical volatility of the Company with a lookback period commensurate with the expected term of the ESPP purchases. The risk-free rate is the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds issued with a remaining term equal to the expected term.

The Company withheld $0.8 million and $3.5 million worth of ESPP contributions for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, on behalf of participating employees through payroll deductions included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company withheld $1.5 million and $5.9 million worth of ESPP contributions for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, on behalf of participating employees through payroll deductions. The Company purchased 0 and 248,742 shares of Common Stock under the ESPP for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The Company purchased 0 and 181,931 shares of Common Stock under the ESPP for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The Company recognized $0.4 million and $1.6 million of equity-based compensation expense related to the ESPP for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The Company recognized $0.7 million and $2.7 million of equity-based compensation expense related to the ESPP for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

HSKB Phantom Units

For information related to the HSKB Phantom Units, refer to Note 15 — Equity-based Compensation in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Unamortized Equity-based Compensation

As of September 30, 2024, unamortized equity-based compensation costs related to each equity-based incentive award described above is the following:


(in millions)	Amount		Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (in years)
Restricted stock units	$	250.1	2.3





HSKB Phantom Units	11.2		2.1
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	0.3		0.2
Total unamortized equity-based compensation cost	$	261.6	2.3

Earnings Per Share - Basic and Diluted Net Income Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.07	$ 0.08	$ 0.04	$ 0.28
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.07	$ 0.08	$ 0.04	$ 0.28
Common Stock
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Net income	$ 23.8	$ 30.2	$ 14.5	$ 112.8
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding (in shares)	354,940,772	396,852,350	368,446,379	400,485,107
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.07	$ 0.08	$ 0.04	$ 0.28
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Allocation of undistributed earnings	$ 23.8	$ 30.2	$ 14.5	$ 112.8
Number of shares used in basic computation (in shares)	354,940,772	396,852,350	368,446,379	400,485,107
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding used to calculate diluted net income per share (in shares)	355,131,093	397,228,170	368,710,310	401,021,420
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.07	$ 0.08	$ 0.04	$ 0.28
Common Stock \| Restricted stock awards
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Units exchangeable for common stock (in shares)	13,638	251,397	83,995	345,694
Common Stock \| Exercise of common stock options
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Units exchangeable for common stock (in shares)			0	31,992
Common Stock \| Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Units exchangeable for common stock (in shares)	176,683	124,423	179,936	158,627

Fair Value (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets and (Liabilities) Measured at Fair Value

The fair value of our financial assets (liabilities) was determined using the following inputs (in millions):


Fair Value at September 30, 2024	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Measured on a recurring basis:
Assets:
Cash equivalents:

Certificates of deposit	$	1.9	$	—	—
Money market mutual funds	1.0		—		—





Prepaid expenses and other current assets:

Interest rate swap contracts	$	—	$	17.1	$	—

Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion:

Interest rate swap contracts	$	—	$	4.4	$	—

Total assets	$	2.9	$	21.5	$	—

Liabilities:




Accrued expenses and other current liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	—	$	(0.1)	$	—
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(0.1)	$	—

Measured on a non-recurring basis:

Impaired lease-related assets	$	—	$	—	$	26.6
Total	$	—	$	—	$	26.6


Fair Value at December 31, 2023	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Measured on a recurring basis:
Assets:
Cash equivalents:

Money market mutual funds	$	245.2	$	—	$	—

Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	—	$	37.4	$	—
Securities guaranteed by U.S. government	—		26.7		—
Other governmental securities	—		18.1		—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Interest rate cap contract	$	—	$	0.6	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts	—		21.2		—
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion

Interest rate swap contracts	$	—	$	15.0	$	—





Total assets	$	245.2	$	119.0	$	—

Measured on a non-recurring basis:
Impaired lease-related assets	$	—	$	—	$	13.6
Total	$	—	$	—	$	13.6

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective tax rate	31.70%	49.00%	63.40%	38.10%
Income tax expense	$ 11.1	$ 29.0	$ 25.3	$ 69.3
Effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate			21.00%
Unrecognized tax benefits	15.0		$ 15.0		$ 12.6
Penalties and interest accrued	$ 0.0		$ 0.0

- Definition

Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 270
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (i)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (ee)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 10
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-10

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 944
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-SubTopic 20
-Topic 740
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482659/740-20-45-2

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))
-SubTopic 10
-Topic 235
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

+ Details

Equity-based Compensation - Common Stock Options Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding	$ 0.0
Options exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 0.0
Exercise of common stock options
Options
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares)	251,564	283,546	279,553	323,002
Exercised (in shares)	0	(18,448)
Expired (in shares)	(27,989)	(16,722)
Forfeited (in shares)	0	(4,286)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares)	251,564	283,546
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 21.00
Exercised (in dollars per share)	0
Expired (in dollars per share)	21.00
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	0
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 21.00
Options outstanding	$ 0.0
Options exercisable, aggregate intrinsic value	$ 0.0
Options outstanding, weighted average remaining term	5 years
Options exercisable, weighted average remaining term	5 years

Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Sep. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies Non-cancelable purchase obligations As of September 30, 2024, we had additional outstanding non-cancelable purchase obligations of $77.1 million over the corresponding amount disclosed in the audited financial statements in our 2023 Form 10-K, mainly related to third-party cloud hosting and software as a service arrangements. For information regarding financing-related obligations, refer to Note 6 - Financing Arrangements. For information regarding lease-related obligations, refer to Note 11 - Leases. Contingent earnout payments In connection with the acquisition of Dogpatch Advisors, LLC in April 2022, the Company could be required to issue remaining equity awards up to $0.6 million. As of September 30, 2024, the Company has paid $1.9 million. Refer to Note 4 - Business Combinations in our 2023 Form 10-K for additional information. Deferred acquisition-related payments In connection with the acquisition of Insent, the Company paid $2.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, of which $0.7 million represents deferred consideration. Refer to Note 4 - Business Combinations in our 2023 Form 10-K for additional information. Legal matters We are subject to various legal proceedings, claims, and governmental inspections, audits, or investigations that arise in the ordinary course of our business. There are inherent uncertainties in these matters, some of which are beyond management’s control, making the ultimate outcomes difficult to predict. Moreover, management’s views and estimates related to these matters may change in the future, as new events and circumstances arise and the matters continue to develop. Based on the information known by the Company as of the date of this filing, except where otherwise indicated, it is not possible to provide an estimated amount of any loss or range of loss that may occur with respect to these matters, including without limitation the matters described below. On April 15, 2021, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against ZoomInfo Technologies LLC in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Eastern Division) alleging ZoomInfo’s use of Illinois residents’ names in public-facing web pages violates the Illinois Right of Publicity Act, and seeking statutory, compensatory and punitive damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. Additionally, on September 30, 2021, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington alleging ZoomInfo’s use of California residents’ names in public-facing web pages violates California statutory and common law regarding the right of publicity as well as misappropriation, and seeking compensatory and punitive damages, restitution, injunctive relief, declaratory relief, costs, and attorneys’ fees. In June 2024, the Illinois District Court preliminarily approved a settlement agreement between ZoomInfo and the plaintiffs in the Illinois class action that, if granted final approval, will resolve the Illinois class action, the California class action and similar, unfiled claims in the states of Indiana and Nevada (the “Class Actions”). Under the terms of settlement, ZoomInfo has agreed to pay approximately $29.5 million, equal to 3% of the statutory damages for each eligible class member in the affected states. The Company had 30 days after the preliminary approval to move the settlement amount into an escrow account, which occurred during the third quarter of 2024. Upon final approval, the settlement would release all claims by any class member against ZoomInfo based on the alleged use of such class member’s identity, persona, name, image, likeness, or personal information for any commercial purpose without consent, including any claims alleging a violation of any right of publicity law. The settlement is not an admission of fault or wrongdoing by ZoomInfo. However, it believes that a resolution of these claims at this time is in the best interest of the Company given the costs and risks inherent in litigation. The Company recorded a benefit associated with legal costs of $0.2 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company incurred charges $30.0 million, which includes both the settlement amount and other legal costs, all of which has been paid as of September 30, 2024. On February 10, 2023, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against Datanyze, LLC, one of the Company’s subsidiaries, in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois alleging Datanyze's use of Illinois residents’ names in a free trial violates the Illinois Right of Publicity Act, and seeking statutory, compensatory and punitive damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. The case is pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (Eastern Division). The Company intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit. On March 8, 2023, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against Datanyze, LLC in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio alleging Datanyze's use of Ohio residents’ names in a free trial violates the Ohio Right of Publicity Statute, and seeking statutory damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. On November 17, 2023, the court dismissed the plaintiffs’ claims with prejudice, and the plaintiffs have since appealed the dismissal. The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend against this lawsuit. On September 4, 2024, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and certain of its current and former officers and affiliates in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington. The suit, brought on behalf of purchasers of Company common stock between November 10, 2020, and August 5, 2024, alleges that the defendants made false and/or misleading statements related to the Company’s business, operations, and prospects, including in respect of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s performance, in violation of §10(b) and §20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. The complaint seeks, among other relief, unspecified compensatory damages, equitable relief, and costs and expenses. The Company intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit. On September 5, 2024, a putative class action lawsuit was filed against ZoomInfo Technologies LLC in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington alleging ZoomInfo’s use of individuals’ names in public-facing web pages violates the Washington Personality Rights Act, and seeking statutory, compensatory and punitive damages, costs, and attorneys’ fees. The Company intends to vigorously defend against this lawsuit.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Remaining Performance Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, amount	$ 1,048.1	$ 1,152.9
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, period		1 year
Remaining performance obligations, amount		$ 856.4
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, period	1 year
Remaining performance obligations, amount	$ 780.1
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-01 \| Minimum
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, period	13 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-01 \| Maximum
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, period	36 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, period
Remaining performance obligations, amount		$ 296.5
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-10-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligations, period
Remaining performance obligations, amount	$ 268.0

Equity-based Compensation - Fair Value of ESPP Purchase Black-Scholes (Details) - Employee Stock Purchase Plan - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Volatility	0.00%	0.00%	57.30%	50.40%
Expected term	0 years	0 years	6 months	6 months
Risk-free rate	0.00%	0.00%	5.40%	5.40%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%	0.00%
Weighted-average fair value per unit (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0	$ 3.33	$ 6.72

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 35
-Paragraph 1D
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-1D

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 35
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-3

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)(2)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Paragraph 2
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
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-Section 50
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 2
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

Note 5 - Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, other than goodwill, consisted of the following as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively:


(in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	288.1	$	(127.9)	$	160.2	14.5
Acquired technology	331.3		(237.1)		94.2		6.3
Brand portfolio	11.5		(8.1)		3.4		7.8
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	$	630.9	$	(373.1)	$	257.8

Intangible assets not subject to amortization
Pre-Acquisition ZI brand portfolio	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0
Total intangible assets not subject to amortization	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0

Total intangible assets	$	663.9	$	(373.1)	$	290.8


(in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	287.6	$	(112.5)	$	175.1	14.5
Acquired technology	330.8		(208.4)		122.4		6.3
Brand portfolio	11.5		(7.4)		4.1		7.9
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	$	629.9	$	(328.3)	$	301.6

Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Pre-Acquisition ZI brand portfolio	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0
Total intangible assets not subject to amortization	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0

Total intangible assets	$	662.9	$	(328.3)	$	334.6

Amortization expense was $15.0 million and $14.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense was $44.9 million and $46.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Goodwill was $1,692.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

There were no events or circumstances indicating that goodwill might be impaired as of September 30, 2024.

Fair Value - Financial Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 2.9	$ 245.2
Short-term investments	0.0	82.2
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	73.9	59.6
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(109.5)	(113.8)
Certificates of deposit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	1.9
Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	1.0	245.2
Level 1
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets	0.0	0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets	2.9	245.2
Total liabilities	0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Interest Rate Cap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Interest Rate Swap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.0	0.0
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion:	0.0	0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Foreign Exchange Forward
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Certificates of deposit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	1.9
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	1.0	245.2
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Securities guaranteed by U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Other government securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		0.0
Level 1 \| Measured on a non-recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Impaired lease-related assets	0.0	0.0
Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets	0.0	0.0
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets	21.5	119.0
Total liabilities	0.1
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Interest Rate Cap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0.6
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Interest Rate Swap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	17.1	21.2
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion:	4.4	15.0
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Foreign Exchange Forward
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(0.1)
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Certificates of deposit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0.0
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0.0	0.0
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		37.4
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Securities guaranteed by U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		26.7
Level 2 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Other government securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		18.1
Level 2 \| Measured on a non-recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Impaired lease-related assets	0.0	0.0
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets	26.6	13.6
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Total assets	0.0	0.0
Total liabilities	0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Interest Rate Cap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Interest Rate Swap
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.0	0.0
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion:	0.0	0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Foreign Exchange Forward
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Certificates of deposit
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Money market mutual funds
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0.0	0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Corporate debt securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Securities guaranteed by U.S. government
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a recurring basis \| Other government securities
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Short-term investments		0.0
Level 3 \| Measured on a non-recurring basis
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Impaired lease-related assets	$ 26.6	$ 13.6

Property and Equipment (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property and Equipment

The Company’s property and equipment consist of the following:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in millions)	2024		2023
Computer equipment	$	14.0	$	17.1
Furniture and fixtures	4.1		3.7
Leasehold improvements	37.5		13.1
Internal use developed software	112.1		84.0
Construction in progress	8.6		7.8
Property and equipment, gross	$	176.3	$	125.7
Less: accumulated depreciation	(76.8)		(60.6)
Property and equipment, net	$	99.5	$	65.1

Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Certain information in footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) has been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. The financial statements included in this report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 or any future period. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of financial position as of September 30, 2024, and results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Effective the second quarter of 2024, the Company removed the presentation of Restructuring and transaction-related expenses from the Consolidated Statements of Operations. These expenses will be allocated to the remaining financial statement line items. For comparability, the prior period amounts have been recast to reflect the current period presentation with no impact to net income or comprehensive income previously reported.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We base these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends, and other assumptions with respect to future events that we believe are reasonable and evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis. Given that estimates and judgments are required, actual results may differ from our estimates and such differences could be material to our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Revenue Recognition, Deferred Commissions, Unearned Revenue	Revenue Recognition The Company derives revenue primarily from subscription services. Our subscription services consist of our SaaS applications and related access to our platform. Subscription contracts are generally based on the number of users that access our applications, the level of functionality that they can access, and the amount of data that a customer integrates with their systems. Our subscription contracts typically have a term of one to three years and are non-cancelable. We typically bill for services annually, semi-annually, or quarterly in advance of delivery. The Company accounts for revenue contracts with customers through the following steps: (1)Identify the contract with a customer; (2)Identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3)Determine the transaction price; (4)Allocate the transaction price; and (5)Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation. We recognize revenue for subscription contracts on a ratable basis over the contract term based on the number of calendar days in each period, beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. Unearned revenue results from revenue amounts billed to customers in advance or cash received from customers in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations. Determining the transaction price often involves judgment and making estimates that can have a significant impact on the timing and amount of revenue reported. At times, the Company may adjust billing under a contract based on the addition of services or other circumstances, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company estimates these amounts based on historical experience and adjusts revenue recognized. Deferred Commissions Certain sales commissions earned by our sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. These sales commissions for initial contracts are capitalized and included in Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred sales commissions are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of benefit from the customer relationship which we have determined to be two and four years for renewals and new clients, respectively. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology, and other factors. Amortization expense related to these capitalized commissions is included in Sales and marketing on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Commissions payable at September 30, 2024 were $27.4 million, of which the current portion of $24.7 million was included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the long-term portion of $2.7 million was included in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Commissions payable at December 31, 2023 were $37.7 million, of which the current portion of $34.4 million was included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the long-term portion of $3.3 million was included in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Certain commissions are not capitalized as they do not represent incremental costs of obtaining a contract. Such commissions are expensed as incurred. Unearned Revenue Unearned revenue consists of customer payments and billings in advance of revenue being recognized from our subscription services. Unearned revenue that is anticipated to be recognized within the next 12 months is recorded as Unearned revenue, current portion and the remaining portion is included in Unearned revenue, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid marketable debt securities with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase.
Short-term Investments	We classify our investments in marketable securities as “available-for-sale.” We carry these investments at fair value, based on quoted market prices or other readily available market information. Unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, are included in Accumulated other comprehensive income, which is reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and recognized when realized on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. If we were to determine that an other-than-temporary decline in fair value has occurred, the amount of the decline related to a credit loss will be recognized in income.
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements The Company measures assets and liabilities at fair value based on an expected exit price, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value: Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Level 2 - Other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, including the Company’s own assumptions in determining fair value The inputs or methodology used for valuing financial assets and liabilities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in them.
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Significant Customers	Concentrations of Credit Risk and Significant Customers Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. The Company holds cash at major financial institutions that often exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insured limits. The Company manages its credit risk associated with cash concentrations by concentrating its cash deposits in high-quality financial institutions and by periodically evaluating the credit quality of the primary financial institutions holding such deposits. The carrying value of cash approximates fair value. Our investment portfolio is comprised of highly rated securities with a weighted-average maturity of less than 12 months in accordance with our investment policy which seeks to preserve principal and maintain a high degree of liquidity. Historically, the Company has not experienced any losses due to such cash concentrations. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable and revenue are limited due to a large, diverse customer base. We do not require collateral from clients. We maintain an allowance for credit losses based upon the expected collectibility of accounts receivable. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for possible losses.
Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets	Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets Accounts receivable represents billed transaction price from revenue contracts, reflecting adjustments for variable consideration, and is presented net of allowance for expected credit losses. It does not bear interest. We consider receivables past due based on the contractual payment terms. Management’s evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses considers historical collection experience, changes in customer payment profiles, the aging of receivable balances, as well as current economic conditions, all of which may impact a customer’s ability to pay. Account balances are written-off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. As of September 30, 2024, the allowance for expected credit losses was $14.7 million. The Company reassesses the adequacy of the allowance each reporting period. The assessment of variable consideration to be constrained is based on estimates, and actual consideration may vary from current estimates. As adjustments to these estimates become necessary, they are reported in earnings in the periods in which they become known. Changes in variable consideration are recorded as a component of net revenue. Contract assets represent a contractual right to consideration in the future. Contract assets are generated when contractual billing schedules differ from revenue recognition timing.
Property and Equipment, Net	Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. All repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization costs are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset or the remainder of the lease term for leasehold improvements. Qualifying internal use software costs incurred during the application development stage, which consist primarily of internal product development costs, outside services, personnel costs (including equity-based compensation), and purchased software license costs, are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset. Estimated useful lives range from three to ten years.
Advertising and Promotional Expenses	Advertising and Promotional Expenses The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses of $9.2 million and $28.5 million were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Advertising expenses of $8.8 million and $24.7 million were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Advertising expenses are included in Sales and marketing on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Research and Development	Research and Development Research and development expenses consist primarily of compensation expense for our employees, including employee benefits, certain IT program expenses, facilities and related overhead costs. We continue to focus our research and development efforts on developing new products, adding new features and services, integrating acquired technologies, and increasing functionality. Expenditures for software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized and amortized over a four-year period on a straight-line basis.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations We allocate purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The purchase price is determined based on the fair value of the assets transferred, liabilities assumed and equity interests issued, after considering any transactions that are separate from the business combination. The fair value of equity issued as part of a business combination is determined based on grant date stock price of the Company. The excess of fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent liabilities. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired customer bases, acquired technology and acquired trade names, useful lives, royalty rates, and discount rates. The estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to revision as additional information is obtained during the measurement period for an acquisition, which may last up to one year from the acquisition date. During the measurement period, we may record adjustments to the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill. After the conclusion of the measurement period or the final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings. In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances assumed in connection with a business combination are initially estimated as of the acquisition date. We re-evaluate these items based upon the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, with any revisions to our preliminary estimates being recorded to goodwill, provided that the timing is within the measurement period. Subsequent to the measurement period, changes to uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances will be recorded to earnings.
Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets	Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the purchase consideration paid in a business combination over the fair value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortized and is tested for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter of our fiscal year or when events and circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. The company has one reporting unit. We first assess qualitative factors to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount or elect to bypass such assessment. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, or we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment, we perform a quantitative test by determining the fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then an impairment loss is recognized for the difference. Acquired technology, customer relationships, trade names or brand portfolios, and other intangible assets are related to historical acquisitions (refer to Note 5 - Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets). Acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period over which we expect to realize economic value related to the intangible asset. The amortization periods generally range from 2 years to 15 years. Any costs incurred to renew or extend the life of an intangible or long-lived asset are reviewed for capitalization. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of brand portfolios acquired from Pre-Acquisition ZI and represent costs paid to legally register phrases and graphic designs that identify and distinguish products sold by the Company. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization. Instead, they are subject to an annual assessment for potential impairment, or more frequently upon the occurrence of a triggering event when circumstances indicate that the book value is greater than its fair value. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than the carrying value as a basis to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The Company conducts its impairment assessment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year.
Impairment and Abandonment of Long-lived Assets	Impairment and Abandonment of Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, acquired intangible assets, and right-of-use assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or group of assets. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. The estimated future cash flows associated with the right-of-use assets under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 were developed by incorporating current market data and forecasts provided by reputable external real estate brokers and data sources. These projections consider prevailing rental rates, anticipated lease renewals, expected vacancy periods, and other relevant market factors that contribute to the estimation of recoverable cash flows for the impaired office spaces we do not intend to occupy. Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets by geographical region are based on the location of the legal entity that owns the assets, which includes property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets, net.
Leases	Leases We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at contract inception. For these arrangements, primarily those related to our data center arrangements, there is judgment in evaluating if the arrangement involves an identified asset that is physically distinct or whether we have the right to substantially all of the capacity of an identified asset that is not physically distinct. In arrangements that involve an identified asset, there is also judgment in evaluating if we have the right to direct the use of that asset. We do not have any finance leases. Operating leases are recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are measured at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the fixed minimum remaining lease payments over the lease term, determined using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. Because the rates implicit in our leases are not readily determinable, we use our incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for each respective lease, which approximates the interest rate at which we could borrow on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments and in similar economic environments. Some leases include options to extend or options to terminate the lease prior to the stated lease expiration. Optional periods to extend a lease, including by not exercising a termination option, are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised (or not exercised in the case of termination options). Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We account for lease and non-lease components, principally common area maintenance and related taxes for our facilities leases, as a single lease component. Short-term leases, defined as leases having an original lease term less than or equal to one year, are excluded from our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities	Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities FASB’s ASC 815—Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedging activities with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how the entity accounts for derivative instruments and related hedged items, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Further, qualitative disclosures are required that explain the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivatives, as well as quantitative disclosures about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments. As required by ASC 815, the Company records all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and measures them at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting, and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Company may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply or the Company elects not to apply hedge accounting. To receive hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge, and the hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions.
Debt Issuance Costs	Debt Issuance Costs Costs incurred in connection with the issuance of long-term debt are deferred and amortized as interest expense over the terms of the related debt using the effective interest method for term debt and on a straight-line basis for revolving debt. Debt issuance costs are generally presented on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the outstanding borrowings, consistent with debt discounts. However, the Company classifies the debt issuance costs related to its first lien revolving credit facility within Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets regardless of whether the Company has any outstanding borrowings on our first lien revolving credit facility. Upon a refinancing or amendment, the Company evaluates the modified debt instrument in accordance with ASC 470-50-40-10. When the present value of the cash flows under the modified debt instrument has changed by greater than 10 percent from the present value of the remaining cash flows under the terms of the original debt instrument, the Company accounts for the amendment as a debt extinguishment and all previously-capitalized debt issuance costs are expensed and included in Loss on debt modification and extinguishment. If the change in the present value of cash flows is less than 10 percent, any previously-capitalized debt issuance costs are amortized as interest expense over the term of the new debt instrument. The Company performs assessments of debt modifications at a lender-specific level for all syndicated financing arrangements.
Tax Receivable Agreements	Tax Receivable Agreements In connection with our initial public offering, we entered into two Tax Receivable Agreements (“TRA” or “TRAs”) with certain non-controlling interest owners (the “TRA Holders”). The TRAs generally provide for payment by the Company to the TRA Holders of 85% of the net cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that the Company actually realizes or is deemed to realize in certain circumstances. The Company will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these net cash savings. We account for amounts payable under the TRA in accordance with ASC Topic 450, Contingencies. Amounts payable under the TRA are accrued by a charge to income when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount is estimable. TRA related liabilities are classified as current or noncurrent based on the expected date of payment and are included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets under the captions Current portion of tax receivable agreements liability and Tax receivable agreements liability, net of current portion, respectively. Subsequent changes to the measurement of the TRA liability are recognized on our Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of Other income, net. Refer to Note 13 - Tax Receivable Agreements for further details on the TRA liability.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax law is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period that includes the enactment date. The need for valuation allowances is regularly evaluated for deferred tax assets for which future realization is uncertain. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider both positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax assets and liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and results of recent operations. If, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, solely based on its technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within Provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Equity-Based Compensation Expense	Equity-Based Compensation Expense The Company periodically grants incentive awards to employees and non-employees, which generally vest over periods of up to four years. Incentive awards may be in the form of various equity-based awards such as restricted stock and restricted stock units, and common stock options. Compensation expense for incentive awards is measured at the estimated fair value of the incentive units and is included as compensation expense over the vesting period during which an employee provides service in exchange for the award. Compensation expense for performance-based restricted stock units is measured at the estimated fair value of the units and is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the service period when it is probable that the performance condition will be satisfied. Compensation expense for market-based restricted stock units is measured at the estimated fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which requires the use of various assumptions, including the stock price volatility and risk-free interest rate as of the valuation date corresponding to the length of time remaining in the performance period. This expense is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the service period and is not reversed if the market condition is not met. The Company uses a Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and profits interests, as profits interests have certain economic similarities to options. The Black-Scholes option pricing model includes various assumptions, including the expected term of incentive units, the expected volatility, and the expected risk-free interest rate. These assumptions reflect the Company’s best estimates, but they involve inherent uncertainties based on market conditions generally outside the control of the Company. As a result, if other assumptions are used, compensation cost could differ. Compensation expense related to the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is measured at the estimated fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the estimated number of awards as of the beginning of the offering period. The Company measures employee, non-employee, and board of director equity-based compensation on the grant date fair value basis. Equity-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period of the awards. For equity awards that have a performance condition, the Company recognizes compensation expense based on its assessment of the probability that the performance condition will be achieved. The Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. The Company classifies equity-based compensation expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations in the same manner in which the award recipient’s salary and related costs are classified or in which the award recipient’s service payments are classified.
Share Repurchase Program	Share Repurchase Program In March 2023, the Board authorized a program to repurchase the Company’s common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). The total authorizations in 2023 and 2024 were $600.0 million and $500.0 million, respectively, of which $157.2 million remained available and authorized for repurchases as of September 30, 2024. Shares of common stock may be repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program from time to time through open market purchases, block trades, private transactions or accelerated or other structured share repurchase programs. The extent to which the Company repurchases shares of common stock, and the timing of such purchases, will depend upon a variety of factors, including market conditions, regulatory requirements and other corporate considerations, as determined by the Company. The Share Repurchase Program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 24,478,696 shares of common stock at an average price of $9.89, for an aggregate $242.1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 44,901,742 shares of common stock at an average price of $12.08, for an aggregate $542.6 million. In August 2024, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “ASR Transaction”) with a financial institution. The Company settled the ASR Transaction in September 2024 resulting in a total repurchase and subsequent retirement of 12,431,216 shares of the Company’s common stock for $125.0 million at an average price of $10.06 per share, recorded as a reduction of Additional paid-in capital. The total number of shares delivered was determined at the settlement date based on the volume weighed average price, less an agreed upon discount. The ASR Transaction was completed under the Company’s previously announced Share Repurchase Program. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 8,800,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $18.19, for an aggregate $160.1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 12,705,412 shares of common stock at an average price of $19.44, for an aggregate $247.0 million. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. The Company calculates excise tax due based on the year-to-date amount repurchased in excess of the fair market value of shares issued and is included within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded the associated excise taxes of $5.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively. Excise taxes associated with these share repurchases are presented within Repurchase of common stock on our Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, as a reduction to Additional paid-in capital.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are intended to increase transparency through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 (i.e., a January 1, 2025 effective date), with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the disclosure impacts of ASU 2023-09 on its consolidated financial statements as well as the impacts to its financial reporting process and related internal controls. In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this ASU incorporate into the FASB’s ASC certain SEC disclosure requirements that were referred to the FASB and overlap with, but require incremental information to, U.S. GAAP. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited, and applied prospectively. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from FASB’s ASC and will not become effective for any entity. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 (i.e., a January 1, 2024 effective date), and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 (i.e., the first quarter of 2025). The amendments in this ASU should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this standard beginning in 2024 and expects to provide incremental qualitative segment-related disclosures beginning with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. However, there was no impact to the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 147.7	$ 442.6
Restricted cash, non-current	8.9	9.9
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$ 156.6	$ 452.5

Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 176.3		$ 176.3		$ 125.7
Less: accumulated depreciation	(76.8)		(76.8)		(60.6)
Property and equipment, net	99.5		99.5		65.1
Depreciation expense	7.4	$ 4.9	18.4	$ 14.5
Accelerated depreciation	1.1		1.1
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	14.0		14.0		17.1
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	4.1		4.1		3.7
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	37.5		37.5		13.1
Internal use developed software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	112.1		112.1		84.0
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 8.6		$ 8.6		$ 7.8

Equity-based Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions			1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended				9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 01, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2024 shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2023 shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023	Jun. 03, 2020 instrument shares	May 26, 2020 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period								4 years
Total equity-based compensation expense \| $				$ 36.6		$ 42.9		$ 104.2	$ 126.9
Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unit options outstanding, weighted average remaining term								10 years
Service Vesting Condition One
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period								4 years
Service Vesting Condition One \| Tranche One
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period								1 year
Award vesting percentage								25.00%
Service Vesting Condition One \| Quarterly Vesting
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting percentage								6.25%
Service Vesting Condition Two
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period								3 years
Service Vesting Condition Two \| Tranche One
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period								1 year
Award vesting percentage								33.00%
Service Vesting Condition Two \| Quarterly Vesting
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting percentage								8.375%
Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period										1 year
Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit \| Annual Tranches
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period					3 years					3 years
Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit \| Annual Tranches \| Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting percentage					0.00%					0.00%
Performance Based Restricted Stock Unit \| Annual Tranches \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting percentage					150.00%					200.00%
Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock related to ESPP (in shares)					248,742		181,931
2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan \| Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase to authorized plan shares based on stock outstanding, percentage		5.00%
2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan \| Common Class A
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of units authorized (in shares)												18,650,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share based compensation arrangement maximum employee subscription rate											15.00%
Number of purchase periods permitted under the ESPP \| instrument											2
Duration of each purchase period under the ESPP			6 months
Percentage of purchase price for common stock								90.00%
Shares withheld for future ESPP purchase (in shares)											7,500,000
Shares withheld for future ESPP purchase \| $				$ 0.8		$ 1.5		$ 3.5	$ 5.9
Issuance of common stock related to ESPP (in shares)				0		0		248,742	181,931
Total equity-based compensation expense \| $				$ 0.4		$ 0.7		$ 1.6	$ 2.7
Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum shares purchased (in shares)								1,500
Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Common Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Increase to authorized plan shares based on stock outstanding, percentage	1.00%

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share of common stock:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in millions, except shares and per share amounts)	2024		2023
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:
Net income	$	23.8	$	30.2
Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding	354,940,772		396,852,350
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.07	$	0.08

Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:



Allocation of undistributed earnings	$	23.8	$	30.2
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation	354,940,772		396,852,350
Add: weighted-average effect of dilutive securities exchangeable for common stock:
Restricted stock awards	13,638		251,397


Employee Stock Purchase Plan	176,683		124,423
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding used to calculate diluted net income per share	355,131,093		397,228,170
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.07	$	0.08


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions, except shares and per share amounts)	2024		2023
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:
Net income	$	14.5	$	112.8
Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding	368,446,379		400,485,107
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.04	$	0.28

Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:



Allocation of undistributed earnings	$	14.5	$	112.8
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation	368,446,379		400,485,107
Add: weighted-average effect of dilutive securities exchangeable for common stock:
Restricted stock awards	83,995		345,694

Exercise of common stock options	—		31,992
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	179,936		158,627
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding used to calculate diluted net income per share	368,710,310		401,021,420
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.04	$	0.28

Schedule of Potential Common Stock Equivalents Excluded from Calculation of Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The following weighted-average potentially dilutive securities were evaluated under the treasury stock method for potentially dilutive effects and have been excluded from diluted net income per share in the periods presented due to their anti-dilutive effect:


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023




Restricted stock units	15,207,584	12,762,335	15,381,553	13,359,864

Exercise of common stock options	248,956	6,544	150,791	—
Total anti-dilutive securities	15,456,540	12,768,879	15,532,344	13,359,864

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments - Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023
Marketable Securities [Line Items]
Cash	$ 144.8	$ 201.9
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	2.9	245.2
Unrealized Gains	0.0	0.0
Unrealized Losses	0.0	0.0
Total cash equivalents	2.9	245.2
Amortized Cost	147.7	447.1
Total cash and cash equivalents	147.7	447.1	$ 442.6
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost		82.2
Unrealized Gains		0.0
Unrealized Losses		0.0
Estimated Fair Value	0.0	82.2
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, amortized cost		529.3
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, unrealized gains		0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, unrealized losses		0.0
Total cash and cash equivalents		529.3
Certificates of deposit
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	1.9
Unrealized Gains	0.0
Unrealized Losses	0.0
Total cash equivalents	1.9
Money market mutual funds
Cash equivalents:
Amortized Cost	1.0	245.2
Unrealized Gains	0.0	0.0
Unrealized Losses	0.0	0.0
Total cash equivalents	$ 1.0	245.2
Corporate debt securities
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost		37.4
Unrealized Gains		0.0
Unrealized Losses		0.0
Estimated Fair Value		37.4
Securities guaranteed by U.S. government
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost		26.7
Unrealized Gains		0.0
Unrealized Losses		0.0
Estimated Fair Value		26.7
Other government securities
Short-term investments:
Amortized Cost		18.1
Unrealized Gains		0.0
Unrealized Losses		0.0
Estimated Fair Value		$ 18.1

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Revenue Disaggregated by Service Offering

Revenue comprised the following service offerings:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Subscription(1)	$	300.4	$	309.8	$	895.0	$	912.8
Usage-based	2.6		2.6		7.7		7.3
Other	0.6		1.4		2.5		3.0
Total revenue	$	303.6	$	313.8	$	905.2	$	923.1

________________

(1)The nine months ended September 30, 2024 include a $15.3 million reduction associated with the change in accounting estimate.

Schedule of Remaining Performance Obligations

The remaining performance obligations consisted of the following:


(in millions)	Recognized within one year		Noncurrent		Total
As of September 30, 2024	$	780.1	$	268.0	$	1,048.1
As of December 31, 2023	856.4		296.5		1,152.9

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments

Note 3 - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments

Cash and cash equivalents consisted of the following as of September 30, 2024:


(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Cash	$	144.8	$	—	$	—	$	144.8
Cash equivalents:

Certificates of deposit	$	1.9	$	—	$	—	$	1.9
Money market mutual funds	1.0		—		—		1.0

Total cash equivalents	$	2.9	$	—	$	—	$	2.9
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	147.7	$	—	$	—	$	147.7

Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments consisted of the following as of December 31, 2023:


(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Cash	$	201.9	$	—	$	—	$	201.9
Cash equivalents:

Money market mutual funds	$	245.2	$	—	$	—	$	245.2

Total cash equivalents	$	245.2	$	—	$	—	$	245.2
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	447.1	$	—	$	—	$	447.1
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	37.4	$	—	$	—	$	37.4
Securities guaranteed by U.S. government	26.7		—		—		26.7
Other government securities	18.1		—		—		18.1
Total short-term investments	$	82.2	$	—	$	—	$	82.2
Total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments	$	529.3	$	—	$	—	$	529.3

Refer to Note 8 - Fair Value for further information regarding the fair value of our financial instruments.

Gross unrealized losses on our available-for sale securities were immaterial at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The following table summarizes the cost and estimated fair value of the securities classified as short-term investments based on stated effective maturities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due within one year	$	—	$	—	$	82.2	$	82.2
Total	$	—	$	—	$	82.2	$	82.2

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, other than goodwill, consisted of the following as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively:


(in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	288.1	$	(127.9)	$	160.2	14.5
Acquired technology	331.3		(237.1)		94.2		6.3
Brand portfolio	11.5		(8.1)		3.4		7.8
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	$	630.9	$	(373.1)	$	257.8

Intangible assets not subject to amortization
Pre-Acquisition ZI brand portfolio	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0
Total intangible assets not subject to amortization	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0

Total intangible assets	$	663.9	$	(373.1)	$	290.8


(in millions)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	287.6	$	(112.5)	$	175.1	14.5
Acquired technology	330.8		(208.4)		122.4		6.3
Brand portfolio	11.5		(7.4)		4.1		7.9
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	$	629.9	$	(328.3)	$	301.6

Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Pre-Acquisition ZI brand portfolio	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0
Total intangible assets not subject to amortization	$	33.0	$	—	$	33.0

Total intangible assets	$	662.9	$	(328.3)	$	334.6

Financing Arrangements - First Lien (Details)		1 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
Financing Arrangements - First Lien (Details)	Jan. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
First Lien Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, credit spread adjustment			0.10%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net leverage ratio (not to exceed)					5.00
Basis spread on variable rate					1.75%
Debt instrument, periodic payment, percentage of principal				0.25%
Effective interest rate			7.83%		7.24%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan \| Base Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	2.00%	0.75%	1.25%	1.75%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan \| Base Rate \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate				1.00%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan \| Base Rate \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate				1.25%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan \| SOFR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	3.10%	1.75%	2.25%	2.85%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan \| SOFR \| Minimum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate				2.10%
First Lien Term Loan \| Term Loan \| SOFR \| Maximum
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate				2.35%
First Lien Term Loan Maturing February 2028 \| Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity				$ 213,000,000	$ 250,000,000
Credit facility, increase (decrease), net			$ 26,000,000
First Lien Term Loan Maturing November 2025 \| Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity					11,000,000
First Lien Revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Draws on revolving credit loan which trigger springing financial covenant (more than)					$ 87,500,000
Basis spread on variable rate					2.10%

Leases - Other Information Related to Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Operating lease payments	$ 49.0	$ 2.4	$ 58.4	$ 9.5
Cash received for tenant incentive reimbursement	$ 1.5	0.0	$ 2.4	0.0
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	12 years 9 months 18 days		12 years 9 months 18 days		10 years 3 months 18 days
Weighted average discount rate	7.50%		7.50%		6.20%
From new and existing lease agreements and modifications
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets	$ 31.5	$ 16.0	$ 123.7	$ 25.8

Tax Receivable Agreements	9 Months Ended
Tax Receivable Agreements	Sep. 30, 2024
Tax Receivable Agreements [Abstract]
Tax Receivable Agreements	Note 13 - Tax Receivable Agreements For information related to our TRAs, refer to Note 17 - Tax Receivable Agreements in our 2023 Form 10-K. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had a liability of $2,794.9 million and $2,818.0 million, respectively, related to its projected obligations under the TRAs. This liability, or a portion thereof, becomes payable once the tax attributes under the TRAs reduce the Company’s current income tax liability which would have been otherwise due absent such tax attributes. The liability will be reduced to the extent the tax attributes are expected to expire or otherwise cannot be applied to reduce the Company’s tax liabilities. The liability is classified as current or noncurrent based on the expected date of payment and are included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets under the captions Current portion of tax receivable agreements liability and Tax receivable agreements liability, net of current portion, respectively. No payment was made to TRA holders pursuant to the TRA during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized a TRA measurement loss of $0.7 million, principally due to updates to tax attributes, net of movement in our blended state tax rate within Other income, net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a TRA measurement gain of $2.6 million, principally due to updates to tax attributes and movements in our blended state tax rate within Other income, net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, $31.6 million was paid to TRA holders pursuant to the TRA. No payment was made during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized a TRA measurement loss of $9.9 million, principally due to revaluation for the blended state tax rate, an increase to the cumulative liability due to TRA Holders resulting from a reduction in the management allocation percent withheld, and interest expense accrued on the current portion of the TRA liability, within Other income, net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a TRA measurement gain of $13.8 million, principally due to updates to tax attributes and movements in our blended state tax rate, within Other income, net on our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	3,300,000,000	3,300,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	342,905,049	384,830,529
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	342,905,049	384,830,529
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Fair Value and Presentation in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for Derivatives (Details) - Designated as Hedging Instrument - Cash Flow Hedging - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	$ 21.5	$ 36.8
Derivative Liabilities	0.1	0.0
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets \| Interest Rate Cap
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	0.0	0.6
Derivative Liabilities	0.0	0.0
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets \| Interest Rate Swap
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	17.1	21.2
Derivative Liabilities	0.0	0.0
Deferred Costs and Other Assets, Net of Current Portion \| Interest Rate Swap
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	4.4	15.0
Derivative Liabilities	0.0	0.0
Accrued Liabilities \| Foreign Exchange Forward
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	0.0	0.0
Derivative Liabilities	$ 0.1	$ 0.0

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)
$ in Millions

3 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2023

Sep. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Statement [Abstract]

Revenue

$ 303.6

$ 313.8

$ 905.2

$ 923.1

Cost of service:

Cost of service [Extensible List]

Service [Member]

Cost of service

^[1]

37.7

35.3

$ 107.9

$ 104.4

Amortization of acquired technology

9.6

9.5

28.7

29.5

Gross profit

256.3

269.0

768.6

789.2

Operating expenses:

Sales and marketing

^[1]

99.1

102.4

299.2

310.1

Research and development

^[1]

47.7

47.6

139.7

143.2

General and administrative

^[1]

60.6

50.5

247.0

130.4

Amortization of other acquired intangibles

5.4

16.2

16.5

Total operating expenses

212.8

205.9

702.1

600.2

Income from operations

43.5

63.1

66.5

189.0

Interest expense, net

9.6

11.9

29.5

33.8

Loss on debt modification and extinguishment

0.0

0.7

2.2

Other income, net

(1.0)

(8.0)

(3.5)

(29.1)

Income before income taxes

34.9

59.2

39.8

182.1

Provision for income taxes

11.1

29.0

25.3

69.3

Net income

$ 23.8

$ 30.2

$ 14.5

$ 112.8

Net income per share of common stock:

Basic (in dollars per share)

$ 0.07

$ 0.08

$ 0.04

$ 0.28

Diluted (in dollars per share)

$ 0.07

$ 0.08

$ 0.04

$ 0.28

[1]

Amounts include equity-based compensation expense, as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Cost of service	$	2.7	$	4.3	$	7.9	$	11.8
Sales and marketing	12.3		17.5		38.1		54.6
Research and development	10.5		11.7		29.5		34.0
General and administrative	11.1		9.4		28.7		26.5
Total equity-based compensation expense	$	36.6	$	42.9	$	104.2	$	126.9

Financing Arrangements - Carrying Values of Borrowings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total debt	$ 1,228.8	$ 1,232.4
Less: current portion	(5.9)	(6.0)
Total Long-term debt, net of current portion	$ 1,222.9	1,226.4
First Lien Revolver
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Elected Interest Rate	2.10%
First Lien Revolver	$ 0.0	0.0
Term Loan \| First Lien Term Loan
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Elected Interest Rate	1.75%
Total debt	$ 586.0	590.7
Senior Notes \| Senior Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate	3.875%
Total debt	$ 642.8	$ 641.7

Financing Arrangements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Carrying Values of Borrowings

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying values of the Company’s borrowings were as follows (in millions):


Instrument	Date of Issuance	Maturity Date	Elected Interest Rate	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
First Lien Term Loan	February 1, 2019	February 28, 2030	SOFR + 1.75%	$	586.0	$	590.7
First Lien Revolver	February 1, 2019	February 28, 2028	SOFR + 2.10%	—		—
Senior Notes	February 2, 2021	February 1, 2029	3.875%	642.8		641.7
Total debt				$	1,228.8	$	1,232.4
Less: current portion				(5.9)		(6.0)
Total Long-term debt, net of current portion				$	1,222.9	$	1,226.4

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))
-SubTopic 10
-Topic 210
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69B

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 69E
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69E

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 3
-Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 835
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2

Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-3

Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 942
-SubTopic 470
-Section 50
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477734/942-470-50-3

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 8
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-8

Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-6

Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 7
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-7

+ Details

Equity-based Compensation - Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - $ / shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Restricted stock units
Shares
Beginning balance (in shares)	12,636,460	10,377,568
Granted (in shares)	9,149,767	6,502,057
Vested (in shares)	(3,969,023)	(2,484,984)
Forfeited (in shares)	(3,323,594)	(2,142,130)
Ending balance (in shares)	15,207,584	12,762,335
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 29.23
Granted (in dollars per share)	13.88
Vested (in dollars per share)	32.03
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	26.74
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 18.79
Performance Based Restricted Stock Units
Shares
Granted (in shares)	272,797	509,824
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 13.01
Market Based Restricted Stock Units
Shares
Granted (in shares)	441,177	0
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Granted (in dollars per share)	$ 4.28
Restricted stock awards
Shares
Beginning balance (in shares)	347,976	858,560
Vested (in shares)	(327,564)	(439,168)
Forfeited (in shares)	(20,412)	(10,977)
Ending balance (in shares)	0	408,415
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 34.55
Vested (in dollars per share)	35.93
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	12.39
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	$ 0

Equity-based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Restricted Stock Unit Activity


Tranche	Company Stock Price Target	Number of Eligible Market-Based RSUs	Satisfaction of Minimum Service Requirement
1	$15.11	110,295	Service through and including January 1, 2025
2	17.61	110,294	Service through and including October 1, 2025
3	20.11	110,294	Service through and including July 1, 2026
4	22.61	110,294	Service through and including April 1, 2027

Restricted stock unit activity was as follows during the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Restricted Stock Units
Unvested at beginning of period	12,636,460	$	29.23	10,377,568





Granted	9,149,767	13.88		6,502,057
Granted - performance-based	272,797	13.01		509,824
Granted - market-based	441,177	4.28		—
Vested	(3,969,023)	32.03		(2,484,984)
Forfeited	(3,323,594)	26.74		(2,142,130)
Unvested at end of period	15,207,584	18.79		12,762,335

Restricted stock activity was as follows during the periods indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Restricted Stock	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Restricted Stock
Unvested at beginning of period	347,976	$	34.55	858,560






Vested	(327,564)	35.93		(439,168)
Forfeited	(20,412)	12.39		(10,977)
Unvested at end of period	—	—		408,415

Schedule of Unvested Options Activity

Options activity was as follows during the period indicated:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Options
Outstanding at beginning of period	279,553	$	21.00	323,002

Exercised	—	—		(18,448)
Expired	(27,989)	21.00		(16,722)
Forfeited	—	—		(4,286)
Outstanding at end of period	251,564	21.00		283,546


	September 30, 2024
Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions)(1)
Options outstanding	$	—
Options exercisable	—
Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)
Options outstanding	5.0 years
Options exercisable	5.0 years

________________

(1)The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable is zero, as all options are out of the money

Schedule of Valuation Assumptions

The fair value of the ESPP purchase was determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023
Volatility	—%	—%	57.3%	50.4%
Expected term	0 years	0 years	0.5 years	0.5 years
Risk-free rate	—%	—%	5.4%	5.4%
Expected dividend yield	—%	—%	—%	—%
Weighted-average fair value per unit	$—	$—	$3.33	$6.72

Schedule of Unamortized Equity-Based Compensation Costs

As of September 30, 2024, unamortized equity-based compensation costs related to each equity-based incentive award described above is the following:


(in millions)	Amount		Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (in years)
Restricted stock units	$	250.1	2.3





HSKB Phantom Units	11.2		2.1
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	0.3		0.2
Total unamortized equity-based compensation cost	$	261.6	2.3

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Interest Rate Swap
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Changes in fair value included in AOCI expected to be reclassified over the next 12 months	$ 17.0	$ 17.0
Foreign Exchange Forward
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Notional amount, settled	(11.9)	(20.5)
Notional Aggregate Principal Amount	$ 11.4	$ 11.4

Cover page - shares	9 Months Ended
Cover page - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Oct. 31, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-39310
Entity Registrant Name	ZoomInfo Technologies Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	87-3037521
Entity Address, Address Line One	805 Broadway Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 900
Entity Address, City or Town	Vancouver
Entity Address, State or Province	WA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	98660
City Area Code	800
Local Phone Number	914-1220
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, par value $0.01 per share
Trading Symbol	ZI
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		343,368,755
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Entity Central Index Key	0001794515
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31

Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Note 11 - Leases

The Company has operating leases for corporate offices under non-cancelable agreements with various expiration dates. Our leases do not have significant rent escalation, holidays, concessions, material residual value guarantees, material restrictive covenants, or contingent rent provisions. Our leases include both lease (e.g., fixed payments including rent, taxes, and insurance costs) and non-lease components (e.g., common-area or other maintenance costs) which are accounted for as a single lease component. In addition, we have elected the practical expedient to exclude short-term leases, which have an original lease term of one year or less, from our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as well as the package of practical expedients relating to adoption of Topic 842.

The Company subleases two offices. The subleases have remaining lease terms of less than seven years. Sublease income, which is recorded as a reduction of rent expense and allocated to the appropriate financial statement line items to arrive at Income from operations on our Consolidated Statements of Operations, was immaterial for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The following are additional details related to operating leases recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in millions)	2024		2023
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	108.5	$	80.7

Liabilities
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	$	11.4	$	11.2
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	135.8		89.9
Total lease liabilities	$	147.2	$	101.1

Rent expense was $12.1 million, inclusive of $6.0 million related to the Waltham Lease Restructuring, and $4.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Rent expense was $28.8 million, inclusive of $6.0 million related to the Waltham Lease Restructuring and $4.1 million accelerated amortization of right-of-use assets, and $12.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Other information related to leases was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	49.0	$	2.4	$	58.4	$	9.5
Cash received for tenant incentive reimbursement	1.5		—		2.4		—

Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets

From new and existing lease agreements and modifications	$	31.5	$	16.0	$	123.7	$	25.8


	As of
	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	12.8		10.3
Weighted average discount rate	7.5	%	6.2	%

The table below reconciles the undiscounted future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases to the total lease liabilities recognized as of September 30, 2024 (in millions):


Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2024 (excluding nine months ended September 30, 2024)	$	(19.0)
2025	(0.5)
2026	22.2
2027	29.2
2028	30.8
Thereafter	307.8
Total future minimum lease payments	$	370.5
Less: Effects of discounting	223.3
Total lease liabilities	$	147.2

The table above does not include any legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced. Included in the undiscounted future minimum lease payments for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2025, and 2026 are future tenant improvement allowance reimbursements related to our Ra’anana, Israel and Vancouver, Washington leases.

Expense associated with short-term leases and variable lease costs were immaterial for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The expense related to short-term leases reasonably reflected our short-term lease commitments.

Undiscounted lease payments under all leases executed and not yet commenced are anticipated to be $72.6 million, of which $10.5 million relate to leases expected to commence in the three months ended December 31, 2024 and $62.1 million relate to leases expected to commence in 2025. These payments are not included in the tabular disclosure of undiscounted future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases above.

Recent Leasing Activity

Relating to our office space in Waltham, Massachusetts, the third and fourth phases of the lease commenced in April 2024 which, collectively, resulted in additional lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets of $8.5 million. We recognized impairment charges of $4.3 million to reduce the carrying value of the associated right-of-use assets. Additionally, we recognized impairment charges of $4.8 million to reduce the carrying value of the right-of-use asset associated with the second phase of the lease. These charges were presented within General and administrative during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and relate to certain spaces which were intended to sublease. During the second quarter of 2024, the Company committed to the cease-use of all phases except for the first and second phases. As a result, we incurred lease abandonment charges of $4.1 million for the vacated spaces. These charges were allocated among the respective cost line items on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Subsequently, in July 2024, the Company executed an agreement to restructure its existing lease commitments (“Waltham Lease Restructuring”). Pursuant to the agreement, the Company made a payment of $59.1 million. In accordance with ASC 842, the Company remeasured its lease liabilities using the revised lease payments under the modified agreement, which included the $59.1 million, and reallocated the remaining minimum lease payments in the contract to the remaining lease components. This resulted in an increase in our operating lease right-of-use assets and, consequently, an increase in the future amortization of those assets. The reallocated portion of the minimum lease payments for the final phase, which has not yet commenced, of $13.1 million is recorded as a prepaid and presented within Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. These charges will be recognized in rent expense over the remaining lease terms which range from December 31, 2024 to December 31, 2025. The Company also recorded a gain of $1.5 million as a result of the modification, which is presented within General and administrative on the Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Additionally, the fifth phase of the lease commenced in the three months ended September 30, 2024, resulting in additional lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets of $16.1 million.

Also in July 2024, the Company executed a new lease agreement for separate office space in Waltham, Massachusetts with the same landlord, with rent payments expected to commence in the fourth quarter of 2025. The lease will terminate on December 31, 2038. The lease is subject to fixed-rate rent escalations and provides for $7.6 million in tenant improvements and the option to extend the lease for two terms of five years each. The Company determined that it is the accounting owner of all tenant improvements. As the commencement of the lease is expected to occur in the future, the Company has not recorded an operating lease right-of-use asset or lease liability for this space as of September 30, 2024. Undiscounted lease payments are anticipated to be $62.1 million, and are not included in the tabular disclosure of undiscounted future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases above.

Relating to our new corporate headquarters in Vancouver, Washington, the sixth floor of the lease commenced in March 2024. The commencement of the floor resulted in additional lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets of $27.5 million. The seventh, eighth, and ninth floors of the lease commenced in April, May, and June, respectively. The commencement of these floors resulted in additional lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets of $59.2 million. The tenth floor and lobby of the lease commenced in September, resulting in additional lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets of $15.4 million. As the commencement of the remaining space of this lease is expected to occur during the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company has not recorded operating lease right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for these floors as of September 30, 2024. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized impairment charges of $8.7 million and $37.9 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying value of the right-of-use assets associated with certain spaces of the leased premises which were intended to sublease. These charges are presented within General and administrative on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Relating to our office space in Ra’anana, Israel, which commenced during the third quarter of 2023, we recognized additional impairment charges of $5.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 related to certain spaces of the leased premises which were intended to sublease. These charges are presented within General and administrative on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Note 7 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Interest Rate Hedges

We are exposed to risks from changes in interest rates related to the first lien term loan (See Note 6 - Financing Arrangements). The Company uses derivative financial instruments, specifically, interest rate swap contracts, in order to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Our primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of cash flows associated with changes in interest rates. The Company does not enter into derivative transactions for speculative or trading purposes.

During the second quarter of 2024, the Company’s interest rate cap contract matured. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had the following outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk (in millions):

Interest Rate Derivatives (Level 2)

Number of Instruments

Notional Aggregate Principal Amount

Interest Swap Rate

Maturity Date

Interest rate swap contracts

Two

500.0

0.370

January 30, 2026

The derivative interest rate swaps are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. Consequently, the change in the estimated fair value of the effective portion of the derivative is recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and reclassified to Interest expense, net, when the underlying transaction has an impact on earnings. The Company expects to recognize approximately $17.0 million of net pre-tax gains from accumulated other comprehensive income as a reduction of interest expense in the next twelve months associated with its interest rate swap.

Refer to the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income into earnings related to the Company’s derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedging instruments for each of the reporting periods.

Foreign Currency Hedges

We are exposed to changes in currency exchange rates, primarily relating to changes in the Israeli Shekel. Consequently, from time to time, we may use foreign exchange forward contracts or other financial instruments to manage our exposure to foreign exchange rate movements. Our primary objective in holding derivatives is to reduce the volatility of cash flows associated with changes in foreign exchange rates. We do not enter into derivative transactions for speculative or trading purposes.

In the second quarter of 2024, the Company engaged in foreign currency forward contract activities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we have settled forward currency contracts with a cumulative notional amount of $11.9 million and $20.5 million respectively. These transactions resulted in an immaterial gain due to favorable changes in the foreign currency. At September 30, 2024, our derivative financial instruments consisted of foreign currency forward contracts with a total notional value of $11.4 million with maturities extending to December 2024.

The derivative foreign currency forward contracts are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. Consequently, the change in the estimated fair value of the effective portion of the derivative is recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and reclassified to revenue or operating expenses depending on the nature of the underlying transaction, when the underlying transaction has an impact on earnings. Impacts on Cash and cash equivalents are presented as operating cash flows on our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in the period contracts are settled.

The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for derivatives as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in millions):


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
Instrument	Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities			Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate cap contract(1)	$	—	$	—		$	0.6	$	—

Interest rate swap contracts(1)	17.1		—			21.2		—
Interest rate swap contracts(2)	4.4		—			15.0		—
Foreign currency forward contracts(3)	—		0.1			—		—


Total designated derivative fair value	$	21.5	$	0.1		$	36.8	$	—

__________________

(1)Included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)Included in Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Income Taxes	Sep. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Note 14 - Income Taxes The Company’s provision for income taxes for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was based on our projected annual effective tax rate for fiscal year 2024 and 2023, respectively, adjusted for specific items that are required to be recognized in the period in which they occur. The effective tax rate, inclusive of items specific to the period, for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was 31.7% and 49.0%, respectively. The Company recorded income tax expense of $11.1 million and income tax expense of $29.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The effective tax rate, inclusive of items specific to the period, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was 63.4% and 38.1%, respectively. The Company recorded income tax expense of $25.3 million and $69.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company’s projected 2024 annual effective tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0% due to U.S. state taxes, foreign taxes and non-deductible equity compensation expense, offset by research and development credits. Further, the Company’s annual effective tax rate included period specific costs associated with shortfalls in tax-deductible equity compensation compared to amounts recognized in our financial accounts, prior year research and development credits, and effects of changes in state tax law and apportionment. The gross liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits, which are reflected as a reduction of deferred tax assets, were $15.0 million and $12.6 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. No interest or penalties are accrued with respect to the unrecognized tax benefits. If the unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2024 were recognized, the entire balance would impact the effective tax rate. It is not anticipated any of the unrecognized tax benefit will be recognized within the next twelve months.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income tax.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 231
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12C
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12C

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12B
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12B

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477891/740-270-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.5.Q1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/740/tableOfContent

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-21

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-17

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Earnings Per Share - Potential Common Stock Equivalents Excluded from Calculation of Diluted Net Income Per Share (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	15,456,540	12,768,879	15,532,344	13,359,864
Restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	15,207,584	12,762,335	15,381,553	13,359,864
Exercise of common stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total anti-dilutive securities (in shares)	248,956	6,544	150,791	0

Equity-based Compensation - Unamortized Equity-based Compensation Costs (Details) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total unamortized equity-based compensation cost	$ 261.6
Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (in years)	2 years 3 months 18 days
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unamortized equity-based compensation cost, excluding options	$ 0.3
Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (in years)	2 months 12 days
Restricted stock units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unamortized equity-based compensation cost, excluding options	$ 250.1
Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (in years)	2 years 3 months 18 days
HSKB Phantom Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unamortized equity-based compensation cost, excluding options	$ 11.2
Weighted Average Remaining Service Period (in years)	2 years 1 month 6 days

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Additional paid-in capital	Accumulated other comprehensive income	Retained earnings
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		404,083,262
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 2,271.8	$ 4.0	$ 2,052.1	$ 39.7	$ 176.0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)		648,570
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other (in shares)		(163,965)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other	(4.1)		(4.1)
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		11,236
Exercise of stock options	0.2		0.2
Forfeitures / cancellations (in shares)		(6,733)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(1,058,291)
Repurchase of common stock	(24.3)		(24.3)
Net income	44.5				44.5
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(6.5)			(6.5)
Equity-based compensation	37.7		37.7
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		403,514,079
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Mar. 31, 2023	2,319.3	$ 4.0	2,061.6	33.2	220.5
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		404,083,262
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity at Dec. 31, 2022	2,271.8	$ 4.0	2,052.1	39.7	176.0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	112.8
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(4.2)
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		393,306,475
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Sep. 30, 2023	2,250.4	$ 3.9	1,922.2	35.5	288.8
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		403,514,079
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity at Mar. 31, 2023	2,319.3	$ 4.0	2,061.6	33.2	220.5
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)		668,323
Issuance of common stock related to ESPP (in shares)		181,931
Issuance of common stock related to ESPP	4.6		4.6
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other (in shares)		(216,700)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other	(5.4)		(5.4)
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		6,086
Exercise of stock options	0.2		0.2
Forfeitures / cancellations (in shares)		(4,035)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(2,847,121)
Repurchase of common stock	(62.7)		(62.7)
Net income	38.1				38.1
Other comprehensive income (loss)	4.0			4.0
Equity-based compensation	48.9		48.9
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023		401,302,563
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Jun. 30, 2023	2,347.0	$ 4.0	2,047.2	37.2	258.6
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)		1,183,324
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other (in shares)		(380,329)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other	(7.5)		(7.5)
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		1,126
Forfeitures / cancellations (in shares)		(209)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(8,800,000)
Repurchase of common stock	(161.9)	$ (0.1)	(161.8)
Net income	30.2				30.2
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1.7)			(1.7)
Equity-based compensation	44.3		44.3
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		393,306,475
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Sep. 30, 2023	$ 2,250.4	$ 3.9	1,922.2	35.5	288.8
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	384,830,529	384,830,529
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2,119.3	$ 3.8	1,804.9	27.3	283.3
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)		1,359,913
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other (in shares)		(410,537)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other	(7.0)		(7.0)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(9,623,255)
Repurchase of common stock	(154.4)	$ (0.1)	(154.3)
Net income	15.1				15.1
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0.2			0.2
Equity-based compensation	32.7		32.7
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		376,156,650
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 2,005.9	$ 3.7	1,676.3	27.5	298.4
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	384,830,529	384,830,529
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 2,119.3	$ 3.8	1,804.9	27.3	283.3
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	14.5
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$ (11.4)
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	342,905,049	342,905,049
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 1,668.4	$ 3.4	1,351.3	15.9	297.8
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		376,156,650
Beginning balance, Stockholders' Equity at Mar. 31, 2024	2,005.9	$ 3.7	1,676.3	27.5	298.4
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)		1,672,136
Issuance of common stock related to ESPP (in shares)		248,742
Issuance of common stock related to ESPP	2.8		2.8
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other (in shares)		(505,710)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other	(7.5)		(7.5)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(10,799,791)
Repurchase of common stock	(148.7)	$ (0.1)	(148.6)
Net income	(24.4)				(24.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3.0)			(3.0)
Equity-based compensation	37.8		37.8
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024		366,772,027
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Jun. 30, 2024	1,862.9	$ 3.6	1,560.8	24.5	274.0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of RSUs (in shares)		936,974
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other (in shares)		(304,844)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement and other	(3.4)		(3.4)
Forfeitures / cancellations (in shares)		(20,412)
Repurchase of common stock (in shares)		(24,478,696)
Repurchase of common stock	(244.5)	$ (0.2)	(244.3)
Net income	23.8				23.8
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(8.6)			(8.6)
Equity-based compensation	$ 38.2		38.2
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	342,905,049	342,905,049
Ending balance, Stockholders' Equity at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 1,668.4	$ 3.4	$ 1,351.3	$ 15.9	$ 297.8

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Outstanding Interest Rate Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk (Details) - Interest Rate Swap - Designated as Hedging Instrument - Cash Flow Hedging $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) instrument
Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]
Number of Instruments \| instrument	2
Notional Aggregate Principal Amount \| $	$ 500.0
Interest Swap Rate	0.37%

Leases - Narrative (Details)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Leases - Narrative (Details)	Jul. 31, 2024 USD ($) term	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) office	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Number of offices subleased \| office						2
Sublease, remaining lease term (less than)						7 years
Rent expense		$ 12,100,000		$ 4,500,000		$ 28,800,000	$ 12,100,000
Lease abandonment charges		0		0		4,100,000	0
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount		72,600,000				72,600,000
Lease liabilities		147,200,000				147,200,000				$ 101,100,000
Operating lease payments		49,000,000.0		$ 2,400,000		58,400,000	9,500,000
Undiscounted lease payment		370,500,000				370,500,000
Asset impairments and lease abandonment charges						1,500,000	$ 0
Commencing In Next Three Months
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount		10,500,000				10,500,000
Commencing In Next Fiscal Year
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount		62,100,000				62,100,000
Waltham, Massachusetts
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Rent expense		6,000,000.0				6,000,000.0
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount	$ 13,100,000
Lease liabilities		1,400,000				1,400,000		$ 8,500,000
Impairment			$ 4,300,000		$ 4,300,000
Operating lease payments	59,100,000
Asset impairments and lease abandonment charges		1,500,000				1,500,000
Increase (decrease) in operating lease liability		16,100,000
Waltham, Massachusetts \| Commencing In Next Fiscal Year
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Tenant improvements	$ 7,600,000
Number of renewal terms \| term	2
Renewal term	5 years
Waltham, Massachusetts, Second Phase
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Impairment			4,800,000		4,800,000
Vancouver, Washington
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Lease liabilities			$ 59,200,000		$ 59,200,000				$ 27,500,000
Impairment		8,700,000				37,900,000
Increase (decrease) in operating lease liability		$ 15,400,000
Ra'anana, Israel
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Impairment						$ 5,900,000

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 630.9	$ 629.9
Accumulated Amortization	(373.1)	(328.3)
Net	257.8	301.6
Acquired Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets not subject to amortization	33.0	33.0
Total intangible assets	663.9	662.9
Total intangible assets	290.8	334.6
Pre-Acquisition ZI brand portfolio
Acquired Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets not subject to amortization	33.0	33.0
Customer relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	288.1	287.6
Accumulated Amortization	(127.9)	(112.5)
Net	$ 160.2	$ 175.1
Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years	14 years 6 months	14 years 6 months
Acquired technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 331.3	$ 330.8
Accumulated Amortization	(237.1)	(208.4)
Net	$ 94.2	$ 122.4
Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years	6 years 3 months 18 days	6 years 3 months 18 days
Brand portfolio
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 11.5	$ 11.5
Accumulated Amortization	(8.1)	(7.4)
Net	$ 3.4	$ 4.1
Weighted Average Amortization Period in Years	7 years 9 months 18 days	7 years 10 months 24 days

Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Additional Details Related to Leases Recorded on the Balance Sheet

The following are additional details related to operating leases recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in millions)	2024		2023
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	108.5	$	80.7

Liabilities
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	$	11.4	$	11.2
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	135.8		89.9
Total lease liabilities	$	147.2	$	101.1

Schedule of Other Information Related to Leases

Other information related to leases was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	49.0	$	2.4	$	58.4	$	9.5
Cash received for tenant incentive reimbursement	1.5		—		2.4		—

Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets

From new and existing lease agreements and modifications	$	31.5	$	16.0	$	123.7	$	25.8


	As of
	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)	12.8		10.3
Weighted average discount rate	7.5	%	6.2	%

Schedule of Undiscounted Future Minimum Lease Payments Under Non-Cancelable Leases

The table below reconciles the undiscounted future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases to the total lease liabilities recognized as of September 30, 2024 (in millions):


Year Ending December 31,	Operating Leases
2024 (excluding nine months ended September 30, 2024)	$	(19.0)
2025	(0.5)
2026	22.2
2027	29.2
2028	30.8
Thereafter	307.8
Total future minimum lease payments	$	370.5
Less: Effects of discounting	223.3
Total lease liabilities	$	147.2

Derivatives and Hedging Activities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Outstanding Interest Rate Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had the following outstanding interest rate derivatives that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk (in millions):

Interest Rate Derivatives (Level 2)

Number of Instruments

Notional Aggregate Principal Amount

Interest Swap Rate

Maturity Date

Interest rate swap contracts

Two

500.0

0.370

January 30, 2026

Schedule of Fair Value and Presentation in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for Derivatives

The following table summarizes the fair value and presentation on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for derivatives as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in millions):


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
Instrument	Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities			Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate cap contract(1)	$	—	$	—		$	0.6	$	—

Interest rate swap contracts(1)	17.1		—			21.2		—
Interest rate swap contracts(2)	4.4		—			15.0		—
Foreign currency forward contracts(3)	—		0.1			—		—


Total designated derivative fair value	$	21.5	$	0.1		$	36.8	$	—

__________________

(1)Included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(2)Included in Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)Included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 147.7	$ 447.1
Short-term investments	0.0	82.2
Restricted cash, current	0.0	0.2
Accounts receivable, net	163.0	272.0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	73.9	59.6
Income tax receivable	6.1	3.2
Total current assets	390.7	864.3
Restricted cash, non-current	8.9	8.9
Property and equipment, net	99.5	65.1
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	108.5	80.7
Intangible assets, net	290.8	334.6
Goodwill	1,692.7	1,692.7
Deferred tax assets	3,692.9	3,707.1
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion	110.9	114.9
Total assets	6,394.9	6,868.3
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	21.1	34.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	109.5	113.8
Unearned revenue, current portion	417.0	439.6
Income taxes payable	0.3	2.0
Current portion of tax receivable agreements liability	58.9	31.4
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	11.4	11.2
Current portion of long-term debt	5.9	6.0
Total current liabilities	624.1	638.4
Unearned revenue, net of current portion	2.2	2.3
Tax receivable agreements liability, net of current portion	2,736.0	2,786.6
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	135.8	89.9
Long-term debt, net of current portion	1,222.9	1,226.4
Deferred tax liabilities	2.5	1.9
Other long-term liabilities	3.0	3.5
Total liabilities	4,726.5	4,749.0
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 9)
Stockholders' Equity:
Common stock, par value $0.01; 3,300,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 342,905,049 and 384,830,529 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	3.4	3.8
Preferred stock, par value $0.01; 200,000,000 shares authorized as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023; zero issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023	0.0	0.0
Additional paid-in capital	1,351.3	1,804.9
Accumulated other comprehensive income	15.9	27.3
Retained earnings	297.8	283.3
Total stockholders' equity	1,668.4	2,119.3
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 6,394.9	$ 6,868.3

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments - Cost and Estimated Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Amortized Cost	$ 0.0	$ 82.2
Estimated Fair Value	$ 0.0	$ 82.2

- Definition

Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).

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+ Details

Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)

1 Months Ended

3 Months Ended

6 Months Ended

9 Months Ended

Jun. 08, 2020

agreement

Sep. 30, 2024

USD ($)

$ / shares

Sep. 30, 2024

USD ($)

$ / shares

Sep. 30, 2023

USD ($)

$ / shares

Jun. 30, 2024

Sep. 30, 2024

USD ($)

reporting_unit

$ / shares

Sep. 30, 2023

USD ($)

$ / shares

Dec. 31, 2023

USD ($)

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Allowance for expected credit losses

$ (14,700,000)

Revenue

(303,600,000)

$ (313,800,000)

(905,200,000)

$ (923,100,000)

General and administrative

^[1]

60,600,000

50,500,000

247,000,000.0

130,400,000

Impact to income (loss) from operations

$ (43,500,000)

$ (63,100,000)

$ (66,500,000)

$ (189,000,000.0)

Basic (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 0.07

$ 0.08

$ 0.04

$ 0.28

Diluted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 0.07

$ 0.08

$ 0.04

$ 0.28

Commissions payable

27,400,000

$ 27,400,000

$ 37,700,000

Advertising expenses

9,200,000

$ 8,800,000

$ 28,500,000

$ 24,700,000

Number of reporting units (segment) | reporting_unit

Impairment of goodwill

$ 0

Impairment of long-lived assets

4,600,000

5,200,000

Lease abandonment charges

$ 4,100,000

Number of tax receivable agreements | agreement

Payment provided as percent of net cash savings

85.00%

Benefit retained as percent of net cash savings

15.00%

Award vesting period

4 years

Stock repurchase program, authorized amount

500,000,000

$ 600,000,000

$ 500,000,000

$ 600,000,000

Stock repurchase program, remaining authorized repurchase amount

$ 157,200,000

Stock repurchased and retired shares (in shares) | shares

12,431,216

24,478,696

8,800,000

44,901,742

12,705,412

Treasury stock acquired, average cost per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares

$ 10.06

$ 9.89

$ 18.19

$ 12.08

$ 19.44

Stock repurchased and retired value

$ 125,000,000

$ 242,100,000

$ 160,100,000

$ 542,600,000

$ 247,000,000

Excise tax

5,000,000

$ 2,000,000

Uncollectible Receivables

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Revenue

15,300,000

U.S.

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Long-lived assets held

183,300,000

120,200,000

Israel

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Long-lived assets held

19,900,000

$ 19,900,000

20,200,000

United States And Israel | Assets, Total | Geographic Concentration Risk

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Concentration risk (as a percent)

96.00%

98.00%

Internal use developed software

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Amortization period

4 years

Ra’anana, Waltham, Vancouver, and Grand Rapids office

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Impairment of long-lived assets

8,700,000

$ 53,300,000

Accrued Liabilities

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Commissions payable, current

24,700,000

34,400,000

Other Long-term Liabilities

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Commissions payable

$ 2,700,000

Commissions payable, non-current

$ 3,300,000

Minimum

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Subscription contract, term

1 year

Estimated useful life

3 years

Deferred commissions, amortization period

2 years

Amortization period

2 years

Maximum

Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]

Subscription contract, term

3 years

Estimated useful life

10 years

Deferred commissions, amortization period

4 years

Amortization period

15 years

[1]

Amounts include equity-based compensation expense, as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Cost of service	$	2.7	$	4.3	$	7.9	$	11.8
Sales and marketing	12.3		17.5		38.1		54.6
Research and development	10.5		11.7		29.5		34.0
General and administrative	11.1		9.4		28.7		26.5
Total equity-based compensation expense	$	36.6	$	42.9	$	104.2	$	126.9

Tax Receivable Agreements (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Tax Receivable Agreements (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Tax Receivable Agreements [Abstract]
Tax receivable agreement liability	$ 2,794,900,000		$ 2,794,900,000		$ 2,818,000,000
Payments for tax receivable agreement	0	$ 0	31,600,000	$ 0
TRS remeasurement loss	$ 700,000		9,900,000
TRA remeasurement gain		$ (2,600,000)	$ (9,900,000)	$ 13,800,000

Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization expense	$ 15,000,000	$ 14,900,000	$ 44,900,000	$ 46,000,000
Goodwill	1,692,700,000		1,692,700,000		$ 1,692,700,000
Impairment of goodwill	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

- Definition

Amount, after accumulated impairment loss, of asset representing future economic benefit arising from other asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, that is not individually identified and separately recognized.

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+ Details

Property and Equipment

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment

Note 4 - Property and Equipment

The Company’s property and equipment consist of the following:


	September 30,		December 31,
(in millions)	2024		2023
Computer equipment	$	14.0	$	17.1
Furniture and fixtures	4.1		3.7
Leasehold improvements	37.5		13.1
Internal use developed software	112.1		84.0
Construction in progress	8.6		7.8
Property and equipment, gross	$	176.3	$	125.7
Less: accumulated depreciation	(76.8)		(60.6)
Property and equipment, net	$	99.5	$	65.1

Depreciation expense was $7.4 million and $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense was $18.4 million and $14.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 includes $1.1 million of accelerated depreciation associated with the Waltham Lease Restructuring (refer to Note 11 - Leases for further information).

Fair Value - Narrative (Details) - Level 2 - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
First Lien Term Loan \| First lien term loans
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument fair value	$ 582.2	$ 595.5
Senior Notes \| Senior Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument fair value	$ 599.6	$ 588.3

- Definition

Fair value portion of debt instrument payable, including, but not limited to, notes payable and loans payable.

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+ Details

Leases - Additional Details Related to Leases Recorded on the Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$ 108.5	$ 80.7
Liabilities
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	11.4	11.2
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	135.8	89.9
Total lease liabilities	$ 147.2	$ 101.1

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Revenue Disaggregated by Service Offering (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 303.6	$ 313.8	$ 905.2	$ 923.1
Uncollectible Receivables
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue			(15.3)
Subscription
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	300.4	309.8	895.0	912.8
Usage-based
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	2.6	2.6	7.7	7.3
Other
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 0.6	$ 1.4	$ 2.5	$ 3.0

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

- Definition

Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise.

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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-4

+ Details

Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue recognized	$ 59.2	$ 59.1	$ 407.2	$ 375.8
Contract assets recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets	5.8		5.8		$ 5.9
Unearned revenue	$ 419.2		$ 419.2		$ 441.9
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Outside the United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Concentration risk (as a percent)	12.00%	13.00%	12.00%	13.00%

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Operating activities:
Net income	$ 14,500,000	$ 112,800,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	63,300,000	60,500,000
Amortization of debt discounts and issuance costs	1,700,000	1,800,000
Amortization of deferred commissions costs	49,500,000	57,200,000
Asset impairments and lease abandonment charges	57,400,000	5,200,000
Gain on lease modification	(1,500,000)	0
Loss on debt modification and extinguishment	700,000	2,200,000
Equity-based compensation expense	104,200,000	126,900,000
Deferred income taxes	11,000,000.0	68,500,000
Tax receivable agreement remeasurement	9,900,000	(13,800,000)
Provision for bad debt expense	39,300,000	22,000,000.0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	69,700,000	(17,700,000)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(21,100,000)	(4,500,000)
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion	(30,400,000)	(53,000,000.0)
Income tax receivable	(2,900,000)	(2,400,000)
Accounts payable	(17,600,000)	(15,200,000)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	(64,700,000)	(27,600,000)
Unearned revenue	(22,600,000)	(16,800,000)
Net cash provided by operating activities	260,400,000	306,100,000
Investing activities:
Purchases of short-term investments	0	(145,000,000.0)
Maturities of short-term investments	82,200,000	151,500,000
Purchases of property and equipment and other assets	(41,500,000)	(17,600,000)
Right of use asset initial direct costs	(3,400,000)	0
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(500,000)	0
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	36,800,000	(11,100,000)
Financing activities:
Payments of deferred consideration	(700,000)	(400,000)
Repayment of debt	(4,500,000)	(4,500,000)
Payments of debt issuance and modification costs	(2,100,000)	(2,700,000)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	0	400,000
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards	(18,100,000)	(17,000,000.0)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock under the ESPP	2,800,000	4,600,000
Tax receivable agreement payments	(31,600,000)	0
Repurchase of common stock	(542,600,000)	(247,000,000.0)
Net cash used in financing activities	(596,800,000)	(266,600,000)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(299,600,000)	28,400,000
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	456,200,000	424,100,000
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	156,600,000	452,500,000
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest paid in cash	39,600,000	43,000,000.0
Cash paid for taxes	11,900,000	7,500,000
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing activities:
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities	8,900,000	200,000
Equity-based compensation included in capitalized software	$ 4,500,000	$ 4,000,000.0

Equity-based Compensation, Market Based RSU's (Details) - Market Based RSUs	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 $ / shares shares
1
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Company Stock Price Target (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 15.11
Number of eligible Market-Based RSUs (in shares) \| shares	110,295
2
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Company Stock Price Target (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 17.61
Number of eligible Market-Based RSUs (in shares) \| shares	110,294
3
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Company Stock Price Target (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 20.11
Number of eligible Market-Based RSUs (in shares) \| shares	110,294
4
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Company Stock Price Target (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 22.61
Number of eligible Market-Based RSUs (in shares) \| shares	110,294

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

+ Details

Subsequent Events (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Subsequent Events (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Nov. 05, 2024 USD ($) ft²	Jul. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Gain on lease modification		$ (1.5)	$ 0.0
Total lease liabilities	$ 147.2	147.2					$ 101.1
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	108.5	108.5					$ 80.7
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount	72.6	72.6
Waltham, Massachusetts
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Gain on lease modification	(1.5)	(1.5)
Total lease liabilities	1.4	1.4				$ 8.5
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	18.9	18.9
Prepaid rent paid in advance	$ 13.1	$ 13.1
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount					$ 13.1
Subsequent Event \| Waltham, Massachusetts
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Area of lease \| ft²				74,479
Subsequent Event \| Operating Lease, Lease Not yet Commenced \| Waltham, Massachusetts
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Area of lease \| ft²				71,239
Operating lease, lease not yet commenced, undiscounted amount				$ 1.5

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 23.8	$ (24.4)	$ 15.1	$ 30.2	$ 38.1	$ 44.5	$ 14.5	$ 112.8

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Paragraph 1
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Section 65
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-Subparagraph (g)(3)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2

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-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
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Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Note 10 - Earnings Per Share

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share of common stock:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in millions, except shares and per share amounts)	2024		2023
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:
Net income	$	23.8	$	30.2
Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding	354,940,772		396,852,350
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.07	$	0.08

Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:



Allocation of undistributed earnings	$	23.8	$	30.2
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation	354,940,772		396,852,350
Add: weighted-average effect of dilutive securities exchangeable for common stock:
Restricted stock awards	13,638		251,397


Employee Stock Purchase Plan	176,683		124,423
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding used to calculate diluted net income per share	355,131,093		397,228,170
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.07	$	0.08


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions, except shares and per share amounts)	2024		2023
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:
Net income	$	14.5	$	112.8
Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding	368,446,379		400,485,107
Basic net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.04	$	0.28

Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders
Numerator:



Allocation of undistributed earnings	$	14.5	$	112.8
Denominator:
Number of shares used in basic computation	368,446,379		400,485,107
Add: weighted-average effect of dilutive securities exchangeable for common stock:
Restricted stock awards	83,995		345,694

Exercise of common stock options	—		31,992
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	179,936		158,627
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding used to calculate diluted net income per share	368,710,310		401,021,420
Diluted net income per share attributable to common stockholders	$	0.04	$	0.28

In periods of loss, the number of shares used to calculate diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share. The following weighted-average potentially dilutive securities were evaluated under the treasury stock method for potentially dilutive effects and have been excluded from diluted net income per share in the periods presented due to their anti-dilutive effect:


	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024	2023	2024	2023




Restricted stock units	15,207,584	12,762,335	15,381,553	13,359,864

Exercise of common stock options	248,956	6,544	150,791	—
Total anti-dilutive securities	15,456,540	12,768,879	15,532,344	13,359,864

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consisted of the following as of September 30, 2024:


(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Cash	$	144.8	$	—	$	—	$	144.8
Cash equivalents:

Certificates of deposit	$	1.9	$	—	$	—	$	1.9
Money market mutual funds	1.0		—		—		1.0

Total cash equivalents	$	2.9	$	—	$	—	$	2.9
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	147.7	$	—	$	—	$	147.7

Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments consisted of the following as of December 31, 2023:


(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value

Cash	$	201.9	$	—	$	—	$	201.9
Cash equivalents:

Money market mutual funds	$	245.2	$	—	$	—	$	245.2

Total cash equivalents	$	245.2	$	—	$	—	$	245.2
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	447.1	$	—	$	—	$	447.1
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	37.4	$	—	$	—	$	37.4
Securities guaranteed by U.S. government	26.7		—		—		26.7
Other government securities	18.1		—		—		18.1
Total short-term investments	$	82.2	$	—	$	—	$	82.2
Total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments	$	529.3	$	—	$	—	$	529.3

Schedule of Short-term Securities


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due within one year	$	—	$	—	$	82.2	$	82.2
Total	$	—	$	—	$	82.2	$	82.2

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 320
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
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-Publisher FASB
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Total equity-based compensation expense	$ 36.6	$ 42.9	$ 104.2	$ 126.9
Cost of service
Total equity-based compensation expense	2.7	4.3	7.9	11.8
Sales and marketing
Total equity-based compensation expense	12.3	17.5	38.1	54.6
Research and development
Total equity-based compensation expense	10.5	11.7	29.5	34.0
General and administrative
Total equity-based compensation expense	$ 11.1	$ 9.4	$ 28.7	$ 26.5

Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Note 1 - Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Business ZoomInfo Technologies Inc., through its operating subsidiaries, (the “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”, and “ZoomInfo”) provides a go-to-market intelligence and engagement platform for sales and marketing teams. The Company’s cloud-based platform provides workflow tools with integrated, accurate, and comprehensive information on organizations and professionals to help users identify target customers and decision makers, obtain continually updated predictive lead and company scoring, monitor buying signals and other attributes of target companies, craft messages, engage via automated sales tools, and track progress through the deal cycle. Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Certain information in footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) has been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. The financial statements included in this report should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2023 Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 or any future period. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of financial position as of September 30, 2024, and results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Effective the second quarter of 2024, the Company removed the presentation of Restructuring and transaction-related expenses from the Consolidated Statements of Operations. These expenses will be allocated to the remaining financial statement line items. For comparability, the prior period amounts have been recast to reflect the current period presentation with no impact to net income or comprehensive income previously reported. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. We base these estimates on historical and anticipated results, trends, and other assumptions with respect to future events that we believe are reasonable and evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis. Given that estimates and judgments are required, actual results may differ from our estimates and such differences could be material to our consolidated financial position and results of operations. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ZoomInfo Technologies Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Revenue Recognition The Company derives revenue primarily from subscription services. Our subscription services consist of our SaaS applications and related access to our platform. Subscription contracts are generally based on the number of users that access our applications, the level of functionality that they can access, and the amount of data that a customer integrates with their systems. Our subscription contracts typically have a term of one to three years and are non-cancelable. We typically bill for services annually, semi-annually, or quarterly in advance of delivery. The Company accounts for revenue contracts with customers through the following steps: (1)Identify the contract with a customer; (2)Identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3)Determine the transaction price; (4)Allocate the transaction price; and (5)Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation. We recognize revenue for subscription contracts on a ratable basis over the contract term based on the number of calendar days in each period, beginning on the date that our service is made available to the customer. Unearned revenue results from revenue amounts billed to customers in advance or cash received from customers in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations. Determining the transaction price often involves judgment and making estimates that can have a significant impact on the timing and amount of revenue reported. At times, the Company may adjust billing under a contract based on the addition of services or other circumstances, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company estimates these amounts based on historical experience and adjusts revenue recognized. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid marketable debt securities with remaining maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase. We classify our investments in marketable securities as “available-for-sale.” We carry these investments at fair value, based on quoted market prices or other readily available market information. Unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, are included in Accumulated other comprehensive income, which is reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Gains and losses are determined using the specific identification method and recognized when realized on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. If we were to determine that an other-than-temporary decline in fair value has occurred, the amount of the decline related to a credit loss will be recognized in income. Fair Value Measurements The Company measures assets and liabilities at fair value based on an expected exit price, which represents the amount that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value may be based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis whereby inputs, used in valuation techniques, are assigned a hierarchical level. The following are the hierarchical levels of inputs to measure fair value: Level 1 - Observable inputs that reflect unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Level 2 - Other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, including the Company’s own assumptions in determining fair value The inputs or methodology used for valuing financial assets and liabilities are not necessarily an indication of the risk associated with investing in them. Concentrations of Credit Risk and Significant Customers Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and accounts receivable. The Company holds cash at major financial institutions that often exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insured limits. The Company manages its credit risk associated with cash concentrations by concentrating its cash deposits in high-quality financial institutions and by periodically evaluating the credit quality of the primary financial institutions holding such deposits. The carrying value of cash approximates fair value. Our investment portfolio is comprised of highly rated securities with a weighted-average maturity of less than 12 months in accordance with our investment policy which seeks to preserve principal and maintain a high degree of liquidity. Historically, the Company has not experienced any losses due to such cash concentrations. The Company does not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to its customers. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable and revenue are limited due to a large, diverse customer base. We do not require collateral from clients. We maintain an allowance for credit losses based upon the expected collectibility of accounts receivable. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and maintains allowances for possible losses. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, or accounted for more than 10% of accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets Accounts receivable represents billed transaction price from revenue contracts, reflecting adjustments for variable consideration, and is presented net of allowance for expected credit losses. It does not bear interest. We consider receivables past due based on the contractual payment terms. Management’s evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses considers historical collection experience, changes in customer payment profiles, the aging of receivable balances, as well as current economic conditions, all of which may impact a customer’s ability to pay. Account balances are written-off against the allowance after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. As of September 30, 2024, the allowance for expected credit losses was $14.7 million. The Company reassesses the adequacy of the allowance each reporting period. The assessment of variable consideration to be constrained is based on estimates, and actual consideration may vary from current estimates. As adjustments to these estimates become necessary, they are reported in earnings in the periods in which they become known. Changes in variable consideration are recorded as a component of net revenue. Contract assets represent a contractual right to consideration in the future. Contract assets are generated when contractual billing schedules differ from revenue recognition timing. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. All repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization costs are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset or the remainder of the lease term for leasehold improvements. Qualifying internal use software costs incurred during the application development stage, which consist primarily of internal product development costs, outside services, personnel costs (including equity-based compensation), and purchased software license costs, are capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset. Estimated useful lives range from three to ten years. Deferred Commissions Certain sales commissions earned by our sales force are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. These sales commissions for initial contracts are capitalized and included in Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred sales commissions are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of benefit from the customer relationship which we have determined to be two and four years for renewals and new clients, respectively. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology, and other factors. Amortization expense related to these capitalized commissions is included in Sales and marketing on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Commissions payable at September 30, 2024 were $27.4 million, of which the current portion of $24.7 million was included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the long-term portion of $2.7 million was included in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Commissions payable at December 31, 2023 were $37.7 million, of which the current portion of $34.4 million was included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the long-term portion of $3.3 million was included in Other long-term liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Certain commissions are not capitalized as they do not represent incremental costs of obtaining a contract. Such commissions are expensed as incurred. Advertising and Promotional Expenses The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising expenses of $9.2 million and $28.5 million were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. Advertising expenses of $8.8 million and $24.7 million were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Advertising expenses are included in Sales and marketing on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Research and Development Research and development expenses consist primarily of compensation expense for our employees, including employee benefits, certain IT program expenses, facilities and related overhead costs. We continue to focus our research and development efforts on developing new products, adding new features and services, integrating acquired technologies, and increasing functionality. Expenditures for software developed or obtained for internal use are capitalized and amortized over a four-year period on a straight-line basis. Business Combinations We allocate purchase consideration to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The purchase price is determined based on the fair value of the assets transferred, liabilities assumed and equity interests issued, after considering any transactions that are separate from the business combination. The fair value of equity issued as part of a business combination is determined based on grant date stock price of the Company. The excess of fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent liabilities. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from acquired customer bases, acquired technology and acquired trade names, useful lives, royalty rates, and discount rates. The estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to revision as additional information is obtained during the measurement period for an acquisition, which may last up to one year from the acquisition date. During the measurement period, we may record adjustments to the fair value of tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with a corresponding offset to goodwill. After the conclusion of the measurement period or the final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings. In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances assumed in connection with a business combination are initially estimated as of the acquisition date. We re-evaluate these items based upon the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, with any revisions to our preliminary estimates being recorded to goodwill, provided that the timing is within the measurement period. Subsequent to the measurement period, changes to uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances will be recorded to earnings. Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the purchase consideration paid in a business combination over the fair value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed. Goodwill is not amortized and is tested for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter of our fiscal year or when events and circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit may be below its carrying value. The company has one reporting unit. We first assess qualitative factors to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount or elect to bypass such assessment. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, or we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment, we perform a quantitative test by determining the fair value of the reporting unit. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds the fair value, then an impairment loss is recognized for the difference. Acquired technology, customer relationships, trade names or brand portfolios, and other intangible assets are related to historical acquisitions (refer to Note 5 - Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets). Acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period over which we expect to realize economic value related to the intangible asset. The amortization periods generally range from 2 years to 15 years. Any costs incurred to renew or extend the life of an intangible or long-lived asset are reviewed for capitalization. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of brand portfolios acquired from Pre-Acquisition ZI and represent costs paid to legally register phrases and graphic designs that identify and distinguish products sold by the Company. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization. Instead, they are subject to an annual assessment for potential impairment, or more frequently upon the occurrence of a triggering event when circumstances indicate that the book value is greater than its fair value. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than the carrying value as a basis to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. The Company conducts its impairment assessment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year. No impairment charges relating to acquired goodwill or indefinite lived intangible assets were recorded for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Impairment and Abandonment of Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, acquired intangible assets, and right-of-use assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or group of assets. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset. The estimated future cash flows associated with the right-of-use assets under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 842 were developed by incorporating current market data and forecasts provided by reputable external real estate brokers and data sources. These projections consider prevailing rental rates, anticipated lease renewals, expected vacancy periods, and other relevant market factors that contribute to the estimation of recoverable cash flows for the impaired office spaces we do not intend to occupy. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded impairment charges of $8.7 million and $53.3 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying values of our existing right-of-use assets associated with our Ra’anana, Waltham, Vancouver, and Grand Rapids offices. During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, we recorded impairment charges of $4.6 million and $5.2 million, respectively, to reduce the carrying value of the right-of-use assets associated with certain of our office spaces. When a lease right-of-use asset has been abandoned, the estimated useful life of the asset is updated to reflect the cease use date, and the remaining carrying value of the asset is amortized ratably over the period between the commitment date and the cease use date. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded lease abandonment charges of zero and $4.1 million, respectively, related to the accelerated amortization of right-of-use assets. No lease abandonment charges were recorded for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023. Long-lived Assets Long-lived assets by geographical region are based on the location of the legal entity that owns the assets, which includes property and equipment, net and operating lease right-of-use assets, net. As of September 30, 2024, long-lived assets held in the United States and Israel were $183.3 million and $19.9 million, respectively, representing approximately 98% of the consolidated total. As of December 31, 2023, long-lived assets held in the United States and Israel were $120.2 million and $20.2 million, respectively, representing approximately 96% of the consolidated total. Leases We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at contract inception. For these arrangements, primarily those related to our data center arrangements, there is judgment in evaluating if the arrangement involves an identified asset that is physically distinct or whether we have the right to substantially all of the capacity of an identified asset that is not physically distinct. In arrangements that involve an identified asset, there is also judgment in evaluating if we have the right to direct the use of that asset. We do not have any finance leases. Operating leases are recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are measured at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the fixed minimum remaining lease payments over the lease term, determined using the discount rate for the lease at the commencement date. Because the rates implicit in our leases are not readily determinable, we use our incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate for each respective lease, which approximates the interest rate at which we could borrow on a collateralized basis with similar terms and payments and in similar economic environments. Some leases include options to extend or options to terminate the lease prior to the stated lease expiration. Optional periods to extend a lease, including by not exercising a termination option, are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised (or not exercised in the case of termination options). Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We account for lease and non-lease components, principally common area maintenance and related taxes for our facilities leases, as a single lease component. Short-term leases, defined as leases having an original lease term less than or equal to one year, are excluded from our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities FASB’s ASC 815—Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides the disclosure requirements for derivatives and hedging activities with the intent to provide users of financial statements with an enhanced understanding of: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how the entity accounts for derivative instruments and related hedged items, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Further, qualitative disclosures are required that explain the Company’s objectives and strategies for using derivatives, as well as quantitative disclosures about the fair value of and gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative instruments. As required by ASC 815, the Company records all derivatives as either assets or liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and measures them at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting, and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset, liability, or firm commitment attributable to a particular risk, such as interest rate risk, are considered fair value hedges. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Derivatives may also be designated as hedges of the foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Company may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply or the Company elects not to apply hedge accounting. To receive hedge accounting treatment, all hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception of the hedge, and the hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to future cash flows on hedged transactions. Unearned Revenue Unearned revenue consists of customer payments and billings in advance of revenue being recognized from our subscription services. Unearned revenue that is anticipated to be recognized within the next 12 months is recorded as Unearned revenue, current portion and the remaining portion is included in Unearned revenue, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Debt Issuance Costs Costs incurred in connection with the issuance of long-term debt are deferred and amortized as interest expense over the terms of the related debt using the effective interest method for term debt and on a straight-line basis for revolving debt. Debt issuance costs are generally presented on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the outstanding borrowings, consistent with debt discounts. However, the Company classifies the debt issuance costs related to its first lien revolving credit facility within Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion on our Consolidated Balance Sheets regardless of whether the Company has any outstanding borrowings on our first lien revolving credit facility. Upon a refinancing or amendment, the Company evaluates the modified debt instrument in accordance with ASC 470-50-40-10. When the present value of the cash flows under the modified debt instrument has changed by greater than 10 percent from the present value of the remaining cash flows under the terms of the original debt instrument, the Company accounts for the amendment as a debt extinguishment and all previously-capitalized debt issuance costs are expensed and included in Loss on debt modification and extinguishment. If the change in the present value of cash flows is less than 10 percent, any previously-capitalized debt issuance costs are amortized as interest expense over the term of the new debt instrument. The Company performs assessments of debt modifications at a lender-specific level for all syndicated financing arrangements. Tax Receivable Agreements In connection with our initial public offering, we entered into two Tax Receivable Agreements (“TRA” or “TRAs”) with certain non-controlling interest owners (the “TRA Holders”). The TRAs generally provide for payment by the Company to the TRA Holders of 85% of the net cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax or franchise tax that the Company actually realizes or is deemed to realize in certain circumstances. The Company will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these net cash savings. We account for amounts payable under the TRA in accordance with ASC Topic 450, Contingencies. Amounts payable under the TRA are accrued by a charge to income when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount is estimable. TRA related liabilities are classified as current or noncurrent based on the expected date of payment and are included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets under the captions Current portion of tax receivable agreements liability and Tax receivable agreements liability, net of current portion, respectively. Subsequent changes to the measurement of the TRA liability are recognized on our Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of Other income, net. Refer to Note 13 - Tax Receivable Agreements for further details on the TRA liability. Income Taxes The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on temporary differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax law is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period that includes the enactment date. The need for valuation allowances is regularly evaluated for deferred tax assets for which future realization is uncertain. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider both positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax assets and liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies and results of recent operations. If, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded. The Company recognizes the tax benefit of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable upon examination by the taxing authority, solely based on its technical merits. The tax benefit recognized is measured as the largest amount of benefit which is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within Provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Equity-Based Compensation Expense The Company periodically grants incentive awards to employees and non-employees, which generally vest over periods of up to four years. Incentive awards may be in the form of various equity-based awards such as restricted stock and restricted stock units, and common stock options. Compensation expense for incentive awards is measured at the estimated fair value of the incentive units and is included as compensation expense over the vesting period during which an employee provides service in exchange for the award. Compensation expense for performance-based restricted stock units is measured at the estimated fair value of the units and is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the service period when it is probable that the performance condition will be satisfied. Compensation expense for market-based restricted stock units is measured at the estimated fair value using a Monte Carlo simulation model, which requires the use of various assumptions, including the stock price volatility and risk-free interest rate as of the valuation date corresponding to the length of time remaining in the performance period. This expense is recognized using the accelerated attribution method over the service period and is not reversed if the market condition is not met. The Company uses a Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and profits interests, as profits interests have certain economic similarities to options. The Black-Scholes option pricing model includes various assumptions, including the expected term of incentive units, the expected volatility, and the expected risk-free interest rate. These assumptions reflect the Company’s best estimates, but they involve inherent uncertainties based on market conditions generally outside the control of the Company. As a result, if other assumptions are used, compensation cost could differ. Compensation expense related to the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is measured at the estimated fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using the estimated number of awards as of the beginning of the offering period. The Company measures employee, non-employee, and board of director equity-based compensation on the grant date fair value basis. Equity-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period of the awards. For equity awards that have a performance condition, the Company recognizes compensation expense based on its assessment of the probability that the performance condition will be achieved. The Company has elected to account for forfeitures as they occur. The Company classifies equity-based compensation expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations in the same manner in which the award recipient’s salary and related costs are classified or in which the award recipient’s service payments are classified. Share Repurchase Program In March 2023, the Board authorized a program to repurchase the Company’s common stock (the “Share Repurchase Program”). The total authorizations in 2023 and 2024 were $600.0 million and $500.0 million, respectively, of which $157.2 million remained available and authorized for repurchases as of September 30, 2024. Shares of common stock may be repurchased under the Share Repurchase Program from time to time through open market purchases, block trades, private transactions or accelerated or other structured share repurchase programs. The extent to which the Company repurchases shares of common stock, and the timing of such purchases, will depend upon a variety of factors, including market conditions, regulatory requirements and other corporate considerations, as determined by the Company. The Share Repurchase Program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 24,478,696 shares of common stock at an average price of $9.89, for an aggregate $242.1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 44,901,742 shares of common stock at an average price of $12.08, for an aggregate $542.6 million. In August 2024, the Company entered into an accelerated share repurchase agreement (the “ASR Transaction”) with a financial institution. The Company settled the ASR Transaction in September 2024 resulting in a total repurchase and subsequent retirement of 12,431,216 shares of the Company’s common stock for $125.0 million at an average price of $10.06 per share, recorded as a reduction of Additional paid-in capital. The total number of shares delivered was determined at the settlement date based on the volume weighed average price, less an agreed upon discount. The ASR Transaction was completed under the Company’s previously announced Share Repurchase Program. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 8,800,000 shares of common stock at an average price of $18.19, for an aggregate $160.1 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired 12,705,412 shares of common stock at an average price of $19.44, for an aggregate $247.0 million. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022, enacted into law on August 16, 2022, imposed a nondeductible 1% excise tax on the net value of certain stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. The Company calculates excise tax due based on the year-to-date amount repurchased in excess of the fair market value of shares issued and is included within Accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded the associated excise taxes of $5.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively. Excise taxes associated with these share repurchases are presented within Repurchase of common stock on our Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, as a reduction to Additional paid-in capital. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are intended to increase transparency through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 (i.e., a January 1, 2025 effective date), with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the disclosure impacts of ASU 2023-09 on its consolidated financial statements as well as the impacts to its financial reporting process and related internal controls. In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this ASU incorporate into the FASB’s ASC certain SEC disclosure requirements that were referred to the FASB and overlap with, but require incremental information to, U.S. GAAP. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited, and applied prospectively. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from FASB’s ASC and will not become effective for any entity. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU are intended to improve reportable segment disclosure primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 (i.e., a January 1, 2024 effective date), and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 (i.e., the first quarter of 2025). The amendments in this ASU should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this standard beginning in 2024 and expects to provide incremental qualitative segment-related disclosures beginning with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. However, there was no impact to the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

Fair Value

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value

Note 8 - Fair Value

The Company's financial instruments consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts receivable, and accounts payable, accrued expenses, and long-term debt. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value, primarily due to short maturities. We classify our money market mutual funds as Level 1 within the fair value hierarchy. We classify our corporate debt securities, securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, certificates of deposits, and other governmental securities as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of our first term lien debt and Senior Notes was $582.2 million and $599.6 million as of September 30, 2024, and $595.5 million and $588.3 million as of December 31, 2023, respectively, based on observable market prices in less active markets and categorized as Level 2 within the fair value measurement framework.

The Company has elected to use the income approach to value the interest rate derivatives using observable Level 2 market expectations at measurement date and standard valuation techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount (discounted) reflecting current market expectations about those future amounts. Level 2 inputs for the derivative valuations are limited to quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets (specifically futures contracts) and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (specifically SOFR cash and swap rates, implied volatility for options, caps and floors, basis swap adjustments, overnight indexed swap (“OIS”) short term rates and OIS swap rates, when applicable, and credit risk at commonly quoted intervals). Mid-market pricing is used as a practical expedient for most fair value measurements. Key inputs, including the cash rates for very short-term, futures rates and swap rates beyond the derivative maturity, are interpolated to provide spot rates at resets specified by each derivative (reset rates are then further adjusted by the basis swap, if necessary). Derivatives are discounted to present value at the measurement date at SOFR rates unless they are fully collateralized. Fully collateralized derivatives are discounted to present value at the measurement date at OIS rates (short-term OIS rates and long-term OIS swap rates).

Inputs are collected from SuperDerivatives, an independent third-party derivative pricing data provider, as of the close on the last day of the period. The valuation of the interest rate swaps also take into consideration estimates of our own, as well as our counterparty’s, risk of non-performance under the contract.

We estimate the value of other long-lived assets that are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis based on a market valuation approach. We use prices and other relevant information generated primarily by recent market transactions involving similar or comparable assets, as well as our historical experience in divestitures, acquisitions and real estate transactions. Additionally, we may use a cost valuation approach to value long-lived assets when a market valuation approach is unavailable. Under this approach, we determine the cost to replace the service capacity of an asset, adjusted for physical and economic obsolescence. When available, we use valuation inputs from independent valuation experts, such as real estate appraisers and brokers, to corroborate our estimates of fair value. Real estate appraisers’ and brokers’ valuations are typically developed using one or more valuation techniques including market, income, and replacement cost approaches. Because these valuations contain unobservable inputs, we classify the measurement of fair value of long-lived assets as Level 3.

The fair value of our financial assets (liabilities) was determined using the following inputs (in millions):


Fair Value at September 30, 2024	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Measured on a recurring basis:
Assets:
Cash equivalents:

Certificates of deposit	$	1.9	$	—	—
Money market mutual funds	1.0		—		—





Prepaid expenses and other current assets:

Interest rate swap contracts	$	—	$	17.1	$	—

Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion:

Interest rate swap contracts	$	—	$	4.4	$	—

Total assets	$	2.9	$	21.5	$	—

Liabilities:




Accrued expenses and other current liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	—	$	(0.1)	$	—
Total liabilities	$	—	$	(0.1)	$	—

Measured on a non-recurring basis:

Impaired lease-related assets	$	—	$	—	$	26.6
Total	$	—	$	—	$	26.6


Fair Value at December 31, 2023	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Measured on a recurring basis:
Assets:
Cash equivalents:

Money market mutual funds	$	245.2	$	—	$	—

Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	—	$	37.4	$	—
Securities guaranteed by U.S. government	—		26.7		—
Other governmental securities	—		18.1		—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Interest rate cap contract	$	—	$	0.6	$	—
Interest rate swap contracts	—		21.2		—
Deferred costs and other assets, net of current portion

Interest rate swap contracts	$	—	$	15.0	$	—





Total assets	$	245.2	$	119.0	$	—

Measured on a non-recurring basis:
Impaired lease-related assets	$	—	$	—	$	13.6
Total	$	—	$	—	$	13.6

There were no transfers between fair value measurements levels during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Refer to Note 3 - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments for further information regarding the fair value of our financial instruments. Refer to Note 7 - Derivatives and Hedging Activities for further information regarding the fair value of our derivative instruments.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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+ Details

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Note 2 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Revenue comprised the following service offerings:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Subscription(1)	$	300.4	$	309.8	$	895.0	$	912.8
Usage-based	2.6		2.6		7.7		7.3
Other	0.6		1.4		2.5		3.0
Total revenue	$	303.6	$	313.8	$	905.2	$	923.1

________________

(1)The nine months ended September 30, 2024 include a $15.3 million reduction associated with the change in accounting estimate.

Go-To-Market business intelligence tools are subscription services that allow customers access to our SaaS tools to support sales and marketing processes, which include data, analytics, and insights to provide accurate and comprehensive intelligence on organizations and professionals. Our customers use our platform to identify target customers and decision makers, obtain continually updated predictive lead and company scoring, monitor buying signals and other attributes of target companies, craft messages, engage via automated sales tools, and track progress through the deal cycle.

Usage-based revenue is comprised largely of email verification and facilitation of online advertisements, which are charged to our customers on a per unit basis based on their usage. We regularly observe that customers integrate our usage-based services into their internal workflows and use our services on an ongoing basis. We recognize usage-based revenue at the point in time the services are consumed by the customer, thereby satisfying our performance obligation.

Other revenue is comprised largely of implementation and professional services fees. We recognize other revenue as services are delivered.

Of the total revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, $59.2 million and $407.2 million, respectively, were included in the unearned revenue balance as of December 31, 2023. Of the total revenue recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, $59.1 million and $375.8 million, respectively, were included in the unearned revenue balance as of December 31, 2022. Revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods was not material.

Revenues derived from customers and partners located outside the United States, as determined based on the address provided by our customers and partners, accounted for approximately 12% and 13% of our total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Revenues derived from customers and partners located outside the United States, as determined based on the address provided by our customers and partners, accounted for approximately 12% and 13% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Contracts denominated in currencies other than U.S. Dollar were not material for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Contract Assets and Unearned Revenue

The Company’s standard billing terms typically require payment at the beginning of each annual, semi-annual, or quarterly period. Subscription revenue is generally recognized ratably over the contract term starting with when our service is made available to the customer. Usage-based revenue is recognized in the period services are utilized by our customers. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these services.

The Company records a contract asset when revenue recognized on a contract exceeds the billings to date for that contract. Unearned revenue results from cash received or amounts billed to customers in advance of revenue recognized upon the satisfaction of performance obligations. The unearned revenue balance is influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the compounding effects of renewals, invoice duration, invoice timing, dollar size, and new business timing within the quarter. The unearned revenue balance does not represent the total contract value of annual or multi-year, non-cancelable subscription agreements.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had contract assets of $5.8 million and $5.9 million, respectively, which are recorded within Prepaid expenses and other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had unearned revenue of $419.2 million and $441.9 million, respectively.

ASC 606 requires the allocation of the transaction price to the remaining performance obligations of a contract. Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes unearned revenue and unbilled amounts that will be recognized as revenue in future periods. Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations is influenced by several factors, including seasonality, the timing of renewals, and disparate contract terms. Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes unearned revenue and backlog. The Company's backlog represents installment billings for periods beyond the current billing cycle. The majority of the Company’s noncurrent remaining performance obligations will be recognized in the next 13 to 36 months.

The remaining performance obligations consisted of the following:


(in millions)	Recognized within one year		Noncurrent		Total
As of September 30, 2024	$	780.1	$	268.0	$	1,048.1
As of December 31, 2023	856.4		296.5		1,152.9

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

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+ Details